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  2. Chewing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chewing

    Chewing or mastication is the process by which food is crushed and ground by the teeth. It is the first step in the process of digestion, allowing a greater surface area for digestive enzymes to break down the foods. During the mastication process, the food is positioned by the cheek and tongue between the teeth for grinding.

  3. Muscles of mastication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscles_of_mastication

    The four classical muscles of mastication elevate the mandible (closing the jaw) and move it forward/backward and laterally, facilitating biting and chewing. Other muscles are responsible for opening the jaw, namely the geniohyoid , mylohyoid , and digastric muscles (the lateral pterygoid may play a role).

  4. Masticatory force - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masticatory_force

    Nankali studied chewing in multiple individuals. He found variation in the amount of masticatory force. [4] The masticatory forces changes at eating time according to mouthful characteristic and size. This has various effects on the maxilla and mandible via the teeth. The periodontal system automatically controls the measure of mastication force.

  5. Human digestive system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_digestive_system

    This results in a much larger surface area for the action of digestive enzymes. The teeth are named after their particular roles in the process of mastication—incisors are used for cutting or biting off pieces of food; canines, are used for tearing, premolars and molars are used for chewing and grinding.

  6. Digestion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digestion

    After undergoing mastication and starch digestion, the food will be in the form of a small, round slurry mass called a bolus. It will then travel down the esophagus and into the stomach by the action of peristalsis. Gastric juice in the stomach starts protein digestion. Gastric juice mainly contains hydrochloric acid and pepsin.

  7. Premastication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premastication

    Premastication, pre-chewing, or kiss feeding is the act of chewing food for the purpose of physically breaking it down in order to feed another that is incapable of masticating the food by themselves.

  8. Trigeminal nerve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigeminal_nerve

    In neuroanatomy, the trigeminal nerve (lit. triplet nerve), also known as the fifth cranial nerve, cranial nerve V, or simply CN V, is a cranial nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing; it is the most complex of the cranial nerves.

  9. Masseter muscle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masseter_muscle

    In anatomy, the masseter [help 1] is one of the muscles of mastication. Found only in mammals, it is particularly powerful in herbivores to facilitate chewing of plant matter. [5] The most obvious muscle of mastication is the masseter muscle, since it is the most superficial and one of the strongest.