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Psychological and sociological effects of space flight are important to understanding how to successfully achieve the goals of long-duration expeditionary missions. Although robotic spacecraft have landed on Mars , plans have also been discussed for a human expedition , perhaps in the 2030s, [ 1 ] for a return mission.
The psychological effects of living in space have not been clearly analyzed but analogies on Earth do exist, such as Arctic research stations and submarines. The enormous stress on the crew, coupled with the body adapting to other environmental changes, can result in anxiety, insomnia and depression. [108]
Space psychology refers to applying psychology to advise human spaceflight.This includes applying industrial and organizational psychology to team selection, individual and team mental preparation, team training, and ongoing psychological support, [1] and applying human factors and ergonomics to the construction of spacecraft to ensure sufficient habitability.
The amount of time spent in space is considered a key factor in the health effects, with greater concern over long-duration missions. "The longer the duration in space, the greater the increase in ...
The overview effect is a cognitive shift [Note 1] reported by some astronauts while viewing the Earth from space. [2] Researchers have characterized the effect as "a state of awe with self-transcendent qualities, precipitated by a particularly striking visual stimulus". [ 3 ]
MARS-500 was intended to study the psychological, physiological, and technological challenges inherent to long-duration space flight. Among other hurdles to overcome, the experiment examined the physiological effects of long-term weightlessness, the effectiveness of resource management, and the effects of isolation in a hermetically sealed environment.
Effects of sleep deprivation in space; P. Psychological and sociological effects of spaceflight; R. Rodent Research Hardware System; S. Space psychology
During spaceflight, the increase is observed from flight day 14 to flight day 334. The effect is rapidly reversed after returning earth and ultimately fall back to near preflight level after 6 months (190 days). [4] The other effects of spaceflight, such as reduced body mass and increased serum folate level, are associated with telomeres ...