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In biochemistry and nutrition, a monounsaturated fat is a fat that contains a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), a subclass of fatty acid characterized by having a double bond in the fatty acid chain with all of the remaining carbon atoms being single-bonded. By contrast, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have more than one double bond.
Crotonic acid has 4 carbons, is included in croton oil, and is a trans-2-mono-unsaturated fatty acid. C 3 H 5 CO 2 H, IUPAC organization name ( E )-but-2-enoic acid, trans -but-2-enoic acid, numerical representation 4:1, n-1, molecular weight 86.09, melting point 72–74 °C, boiling point 180–181 °C, specific gravity 1.027.
Three-dimensional representations of several fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids have perfectly straight chain structure. Unsaturated ones are typically bent, unless they have a trans configuration. In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated.
A saturated fat is a type of fat in which the fatty acid chains have all single bonds between the carbon atoms. A fat known as a glyceride is made of two kinds of smaller molecules: a short glycerol backbone, and fatty acids that each contain a long linear or branched chain of carbon (C) atoms.
An unsaturated fat is a fat or fatty acid in which there is at least one double bond within the fatty acid chain. A fatty acid chain is monounsaturated if it contains one double bond, and polyunsaturated if it contains more than one double bond. A saturated fat has no carbon-to-carbon double bonds, so
Tridecanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 11 COOH C13:0 Myristic acid: Tetradecanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 12 COOH C14:0 Pentadecylic acid: Pentadecanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 13 COOH C15:0 Palmitic acid: Hexadecanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 14 COOH C16:0 Margaric acid: Heptadecanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 15 COOH C17:0 Stearic acid: Octadecanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 16 COOH C18:0 ...
The terms saturated vs unsaturated are often applied to the fatty acid constituents of fats. The triglycerides (fats) that comprise tallow are derived from the saturated stearic and monounsaturated oleic acids. [3] Many vegetable oils contain fatty acids with one (monounsaturated) or more (polyunsaturated) double bonds in them.
In chemical terms, oleic acid is classified as a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid, abbreviated with a lipid number of 18:1 cis-9, and a main product of Δ9-desaturase. [2] It has the formula CH 3 −(CH 2) 7 −CH=CH−(CH 2) 7 −COOH. [3] The name derives from the Latin word oleum, which means oil. [4] It is the most common fatty acid in ...