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Pope John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII [dʒoˈvanni ventitreˈɛːzimo]; born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, Italian: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; [a] 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 28 October 1958 until his death in June 1963.
John XXIII himself said, when he took possession of the Lateran Basilica on 23 November 1958: "We do not have the right to see a long way ahead of us." [ 47 ] In early November, Pope John wrote letters to Mindszenty and Stepinac expressing regret that they were unable to participate in the conclave. [ 48 ]
[6] [7] Of the eighty cardinals who did participate, eight had been elevated by Pope Pius XI, twenty-seven by Pius XII, and the other 45 by John XXIII. Each cardinal elector was allowed one aide. They came from 29 countries, compared to 51 from 21 countries in the conclave of 1958 and 59 from 16 countries in 1939. The Italians were outnumbered ...
Pope John XXIII (1881–1963) presiding at the Second Vatican Council (1962–65).. Pope John XXIII (r. 1958–1963) created 52 cardinals in five consistories. [1] Beginning at his first consistory, he expanded the size of the College beyond the limit of seventy established in 1586 [2] and on several occasions announced that further increases should be expected.
Pope John XXIII in 1959. Pope John XXIII (1881–1963; reigned 1958–1963) issued eight papal encyclicals during his five-year reign as pope of the Catholic Church.An encyclical is a letter issued by the pope that is usually addressed to Catholic bishops or laity in a particular area or of the whole world.
Pope John XXIII declared 11 individuals venerable, based on the recognition of their heroic virtues from 1958 to 1963. 1959. December 18, 1959. Elizabeth ...
Considered a legitimate pope until 1963 and is numbered as such to this day. — 25 May 1410 – 30 May 1415 (5 years, 5 days) John XXIII IOANNES Vicesimus Tertius: Baldassarre Cossa 1365 Procida, Naples: 45 / 50 (†54) Born as a subject of the Kingdom of Naples. Western Schism. In opposition to Gregory XII. Convened Council of Constance. Deposed.
Popes have often fine-tuned the rules for the election of their successors: Pope Pius XII's Vacantis Apostolicae Sedis (1945) governed the conclave of 1958, Pope John XXIII's Summi Pontificis electio (1962) that of 1963, Pope Paul VI's Romano Pontifici eligendo (1975) the two conclaves of 1978, John Paul II's Universi Dominici Gregis (1996 ...