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Phosphine (IUPAC name: phosphane) is a colorless, flammable, highly toxic compound with the chemical formula P H 3, classed as a pnictogen hydride.Pure phosphine is odorless, but technical grade samples have a highly unpleasant odor like rotting fish, due to the presence of substituted phosphine and diphosphane (P 2 H 4).
Phosphine, a toxic, colourless gas, is the most stable phosphorus hydride. It is insoluble in water but soluble in organic liquids (as well as carbon disulfide and trichloroacetic acid). Phosphine is a reducing agent. [3] Arsine, stibine, and bismuthine are highly toxic, thermally unstable, and colourless gases.
A blood agent is a toxic chemical agent that affects the body by being absorbed into the blood. [1] Blood agents are fast-acting, potentially lethal poisons that typically manifest at room temperature as volatile colorless gases with a faint odor. [1] They are either cyanide- or arsenic-based. [1]
Compounds related to phosphine oxides include phosphine imides (R 3 PNR') and related chalcogenides (R 3 PE, where E = S, Se, Te). These compounds are some of the most thermally stable organophosphorus compounds. In general, they are less basic than the corresponding phosphine oxides, which can adduce to thiophosphoryl halides: [7]: 73
Interestingly, this was true for healthy adults but not people at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Other studies support the anti-inflammatory benefits of red wine consumption.
Tributylphosphine reacts with oxygen to give the corresponding phosphine oxide (here tributylphosphine oxide): 2 P(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3) 3 + O 2 → 2 O=P(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3) 3. Because this reaction is so fast, the compound is usually handled under an inert atmosphere. The phosphine is also easily alkylated.
Lithium phospahnide can be made from phosphine and butyl lithium or phenyl lithium. [3] Another way to produce -PH 2 complexes is by hydrolysis of a -P(SiMe 3) 2 compound with an alcohol, such as methanol. [3] Yet another way is to remove a hydrogen atom from the phosphine in a phosphine complex by using a strong base. [3]
The Appel reaction is an organic reaction that converts an alcohol into an alkyl chloride using triphenylphosphine and carbon tetrachloride. [1] The use of carbon tetrabromide or bromine as a halide source will yield alkyl bromides, whereas using carbon tetraiodide, methyl iodide or iodine gives alkyl iodides.