Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
A class I nuclear receptor (NR), in the absence of ligand, is located in the cytosol. Hormone binding to the NR triggers dissociation of heat shock proteins ( HSP ), dimerization, and translocation to the nucleus, where the NR binds to a specific sequence of DNA known as a hormone response element ( HRE ).
The best studied steroid hormone receptors are members of the nuclear receptor subfamily 3 (NR3) that include receptors for estrogen (group NR3A) [1] and 3-ketosteroids (group NR3C). [2] In addition to nuclear receptors, several G protein-coupled receptors and ion channels act as cell surface receptors for certain steroid hormones.
Examples are the class of nuclear receptors located in the cell nucleus and cytoplasm and the IP 3 receptor located on the endoplasmic reticulum.The ligands that bind to them are usually intracellular second messengers like inositol trisphosphate (IP 3) and extracellular lipophilic hormones like steroid hormones.
Receptor proteins can be classified by their location. Cell surface receptors, also known as transmembrane receptors, include ligand-gated ion channels, G protein-coupled receptors, and enzyme-linked hormone receptors. [1] Intracellular receptors are those found inside the cell, and include cytoplasmic receptors and nuclear receptors. [1]
The androgen receptor (AR), also known as NR3C4 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 4), is a type of nuclear receptor [9] that is activated by binding any of the androgenic hormones, including testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, [10] in the cytoplasm and then translocating into the nucleus.
The thyroid hormone receptor (TR) [1] is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by binding thyroid hormone. [2] TRs act as transcription factors, ultimately affecting the regulation of gene transcription and translation. These receptors also have non-genomic effects that lead to second messenger activation, and corresponding cellular ...
The mineralocorticoid receptor (or MR, MLR, MCR), also known as the aldosterone receptor or nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2, (NR3C2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR3C2 gene that is located on chromosome 4q31.1-31.2. [5] MR is a receptor with equal affinity for mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids.
PPAR -alpha and -gamma pathways. In the field of molecular biology, the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptor proteins that function as transcription factors regulating the expression of genes. [1]