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The strong duality theorem says that if one of the two problems has an optimal solution, so does the other one and that the bounds given by the weak duality theorem are tight, i.e.: max x c T x = min y b T y. The strong duality theorem is harder to prove; the proofs usually use the weak duality theorem as a sub-routine.
The duality gap is zero if and only if strong duality holds. Otherwise the gap is strictly positive and weak duality holds. [5] In computational optimization, another "duality gap" is often reported, which is the difference in value between any dual solution and the value of a feasible but suboptimal iterate for the primal problem.
A duality that respects the orderings in question is known as a Galois connection. An example is the standard duality in Galois theory mentioned in the introduction: a bigger field extension corresponds—under the mapping that assigns to any extension L ⊃ K (inside some fixed bigger field Ω) the Galois group Gal (Ω / L) —to a smaller ...
In mathematics, a duality, generally speaking, translates concepts, theorems or mathematical structures into other concepts, theorems or structures, in a one-to-one fashion, often (but not always) by means of an involution operation: if the dual of A is B, then the dual of B is A.
In projective geometry, duality or plane duality is a formalization of the striking symmetry of the roles played by points and lines in the definitions and theorems of projective planes. There are two approaches to the subject of duality, one through language ( § Principle of duality ) and the other a more functional approach through special ...
In mathematics, the Poincaré duality theorem, named after Henri Poincaré, is a basic result on the structure of the homology and cohomology groups of manifolds.It states that if M is an n-dimensional oriented closed manifold (compact and without boundary), then the kth cohomology group of M is isomorphic to the (n − k) th homology group of M, for all integers k
In mathematics, Tannaka–Krein duality theory concerns the interaction of a compact topological group and its category of linear representations.It is a natural extension of Pontryagin duality, between compact and discrete commutative topological groups, to groups that are compact but noncommutative.
Among other statements, Poitou–Tate duality establishes a perfect pairing between certain Shafarevich groups.Given a global field , a set S of primes, and the maximal extension which is unramified outside S, the Shafarevich groups capture, broadly speaking, those elements in the cohomology of (/) which vanish in the Galois cohomology of the local fields pertaining to the primes in S.