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  2. Age of Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment

    Government responses varied widely. In France, the government was hostile, and the philosophes fought against its censorship, sometimes being imprisoned or hounded into exile. The British government, for the most part, ignored the Enlightenment's leaders in England and Scotland, although it did give Newton a knighthood and a very lucrative ...

  3. Age of Revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Revolution

    The Age of Revolution is a period from the late-18th to the mid-19th centuries during which a number of significant revolutionary movements occurred in most of Europe and the Americas. [2] The period is noted for the change from absolutist monarchies to representative governments with a written constitution, and the creation of nation states.

  4. Enlightened absolutism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlightened_absolutism

    In France the government was hostile, and the philosophers fought against its censorship. The British government generally ignored the Enlightenment's leaders. Frederick the Great , who ruled Prussia 1740–1786, was an enthusiast for French ideas [ citation needed ] (he ridiculed German culture and was unaware of the remarkable advances it was ...

  5. Ancien régime - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancien_régime

    France in the Enlightenment (1998), wide-ranging history 1700–1789 ISBN 0-6740-0199-0; Schaeper, T.J. The Economy of France in the Second Half of the Reign of Louis XIV (Montreal, 1980). Spencer, Samia I., ed. French Women and the Age of Enlightenment. 1984.

  6. Political history of France - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_history_of_France

    The political history of France covers the history of political movements and systems of government in the nation of France, from the earliest stages of the history of France until the present day. This political history might be considered to start with the formation of the Kingdom of France , and continue until the present day.

  7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau

    Jean-Jacques Rousseau (UK: / ˈ r uː s oʊ /, US: / r uː ˈ s oʊ /; [1] [2] French: [ʒɑ̃ʒak ʁuso]; 28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosopher (), writer, and composer.. His political philosophy influenced the progress of the Age of Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolution and the development of modern political, economic, and educational ...

  8. History of France - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_France

    The period from 1789 to 1914, dubbed the "Long nineteenth century" by the historian Eric Hobsbawm, extends from the French Revolution's aftermath to the brink of World War I. Throughout this period, France underwent significant transformations that reshaped its geography, demographics, language, and economic landscape, marking a period of ...

  9. Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlightenment

    Age of Enlightenment, period in Western intellectual history from the late 17th to late 18th century, centered in France but also encompassing (alphabetically by country or culture): England: Midlands Enlightenment, period in 18th-century England; Greece: Modern Greek Enlightenment, an 18th-century national revival and educational movement in ...