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John the Lydian or John Lydus (Greek: Ἰωάννης Λαυρέντιος ὁ Λυδός; Latin: Ioannes Laurentius Lydus) (ca. AD 490 – ca. 565) was a Byzantine administrator and writer on antiquarian subjects.
Lydian power came to an abrupt end with the fall of their capital in events subsequent to the Battle of Halys in 585 BC and defeat by Cyrus the Great in 546 BC. Map of the Lydian Empire in its final period of sovereignty under Croesus, 6th century BC. (7th century BC boundary in red)
The temple of Artemis in Sardis, capital of Lydia. The early Lydian religion exhibited strong connections to Anatolian as well as Greek traditions. [2]Although Lydia had been conquered by the Persian Achaemenid Empire in c. 547 BC, native Lydian traditions were not destroyed by Persian rule, and most Lydian inscriptions were written during this period.
John the Lydian and John Malalas at times mention him only as "the Cappadocian". [1] John occasionally styled himself as "Flavius Marianus Michaelius Gabrielius Archangelus Ioannes", [ 2 ] although most of these names were probably just honorifics, as by that time most individuals were known by a single name. [ 3 ]
This article lists the known kings of Lydia, both legendary and historical.Lydia was an ancient kingdom in western Anatolia during the first millennium BC. It may have originated as a country in the second millennium BC and was possibly called Maeonia at one time, given that Herodotus says the people were called Maeonians before they became known as Lydians.
The siege of Sardis (547/546 BC) was the last decisive conflict after the Battle of Thymbra, which was fought between the forces of Croesus of Lydia and Cyrus the Great, when Cyrus followed Croesus to his city, laid siege to it for 14 days and captured it.
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