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Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) is a technique in which a sedating/dissociative medication is given, usually along with an analgesic medication, in order to perform non-surgical procedures on a patient. The overall goal is to induce a decreased level of consciousness while maintaining the patient's ability to breathe on their own.
Advanced Pediatric Life Support (APLS) is a program created by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Emergency Physicians to teach health care providers how to take care of sick children.
It can be used as an adjunct with other sedatives like benzodiazepines, opioids, and propofol to enhance sedation and help maintain hemodynamic stability by decreasing the requirement of other sedatives. [17] [18] Dexmedetomidine is also used for procedural sedation in children. [19]
Sedation is the reduction of irritability or agitation by administration of sedative drugs, generally to facilitate a medical procedure or diagnostic procedure. Examples of drugs which can be used for sedation include isoflurane , diethyl ether , propofol , etomidate , ketamine , pentobarbital , lorazepam and midazolam .
Caudal anaesthesia is a relatively low-risk technique [4] commonly used, either on its own or in combination with sedation or general anaesthesia. [3] [5]Caudal anesthesia may be favored for sub-umbilical region surgeries in the pediatric population, such as inguinal hernia repair, circumcision, hypospadias repair, anal atresia, or to immobilise newborns with hip dysplasia.
Sedoanalgesia is the practice of combining sedation with local anesthesia, usually in the case of surgery.In medical studies, administering sedoanalgesia has been shown to be cost- and time-effective when compared to general or regional anesthesia, and it can reduce the amount of nursing staff, anesthetists, and equipment required for a given procedure.
Midazolam, sold under the brand name Versed among others, is a benzodiazepine medication used for anesthesia, premedication before surgical anesthesia, and procedural sedation, and to treat severe agitation. [12] It induces sleepiness, decreases anxiety, and causes anterograde amnesia. [12]
A papoose board is a cushioned board with fabric Velcro straps that can be used to help limit a patient's movement and hold them steady during the medical procedure. Sometimes oral, IV or gas sedation such as nitrous oxide will be used to calm the patient prior to or during use. Using a papoose board to temporarily and safely limit movement is ...