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The thoracolumbar fascia (lumbodorsal fascia or thoracodorsal fascia) is a complex, [1]: 1137 multilayer arrangement of fascial and aponeurotic layers forming a separation between the paraspinal muscles on one side, and the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall (quadratus lumborum, and psoas major [1]: 1137 ) on the other.
The thoracolumbar spine or thoracolumbar division refers to the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae together, and sometimes also their surrounding areas. The thoracic vertebrae attach to ribs and so have articular facets specific to them; these are the superior, transverse and inferior costal facets. As the vertebrae progress down the spine they ...
Furthermore, flexion and extension in the lumbal spine is the product of a combination of rotation and translation in the sagittal plane between each vertebra. [4] Ranges of segmental movements in the lumbar spine (White and Punjabi, 1990) are (in degrees): [5]
Adopting a forward head and rounded shoulders posture places increased stress on the neck (cervical spine), mid-back (thoracic spine) and low back (lumbar spine), Dr. Halfman explains.
Because the vertebral column will outgrow the spinal cord during child development, by adulthood the spinal cord often ends at the upper lumbar spine (at around L1/L2 level), the lower end of the spinal canal is occupied by a ponytail-like bundle of spinal nerves descriptively called cauda equina (from Latin "horse's tail"), and the sacrum and ...
The lumbar region is sometimes referred to as the lower spine, or as an area of the back in its proximity.. In human anatomy the five lumbar vertebrae (vertebrae in the lumbar region of the back) are the largest and strongest in the movable part of the spinal column, and can be distinguished by the absence of a foramen in the transverse process, and by the absence of facets on the sides of the ...
In the spine, there is bone formation along the anterior longitudinal ligament and sometimes the posterior longitudinal ligament, which may lead to partial or complete fusion of adjacent vertebrae. The facet and sacroiliac joints tend to be uninvolved. The thoracic spine is the most common level involved. [2]
The twelfth thoracic vertebra has the same general characteristics as the eleventh, but may be distinguished from it by its inferior articular surfaces being convex and directed lateralward, like those of the lumbar vertebrae; by the general form of the body, laminae, and spinous process, in which it resembles the lumbar vertebrae; and by each ...