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The two dimensions or axes, extraversion-introversion and emotional stability-instability, define four quadrants. These are made up of: Stable extraverts (sanguine qualities such as outgoing, talkative, responsive, easygoing, lively, carefree, leadership)
Extraversion and introversion are a central trait dimension in human personality theory. The terms were introduced into psychology by Carl Jung, [1] though both the popular understanding and current psychological usage are not the same as Jung's original concept.
Extraversion means literally outward-turning and introversion, inward-turning. [55] These specific definitions differ somewhat from the popular usage of the words. Extraversion is the spelling used in MBTI publications. The preferences for extraversion and introversion are often called "attitudes". Briggs and Myers recognized that each of the ...
The test consists of 125 yes or no question which yield six scores: neurotic tendency, self-sufficiency, introversion-extraversion, dominance-submission, sociability, and confidence. [1] A 1936 survey of members of the American Psychological Association found that the Bernreuter Personality Inventory was the most well known psychological test. [2]
Internal consistency coefficient from the facets, with each facet scale comprising fewer items than each of the Big Five scales, were necessarily smaller, ranging from .54 to .83. [7] For the NEO FFI (the 60 item domain only version) the internal consistencies reported in the manual were: N = .79, E = .79, O = .80, A = .75, C = .83.
Children with high Extraversion are energetic, talkative, social, and dominant with children and adults, whereas children with low extraversion tend to be quiet, calm, inhibited, and submissive to other children and adults. [104] Individual differences in extraversion first manifest in infancy as varying levels of positive emotionality. [135]
For example, in two of the scales analysed, conscientiousness loaded more strongly with extraversion and openness to experience on one factor, than with neuroticism and agreeableness on the other factor. On an adjective rating scale, openness to experience loaded nearly equally on both factors.
The most recent edition of the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF), released in 1993, is the fifth edition (16PF5e) of the original instrument. [25] [26] The self-report instrument was first published in 1949; the second and third editions were published in 1956 and 1962, respectively; and the five alternative forms of the fourth edition were released between 1967 and 1969.