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A tumor suppressor gene (TSG), or anti-oncogene, is a gene that regulates a cell during cell division and replication. [1] If the cell grows uncontrollably, it will result in cancer . When a tumor suppressor gene is mutated, it results in a loss or reduction in its function.
SDPR functions as a metastasis suppressor in breast cancer, potentially by priming cells to apoptosis. [8] Cancer cells suppress the gene via promoter DNA methylation hence exemplifies the significance of epigenetic changes in cancer progression. [9] [10] KISS1 is found in melanoma and breast cancers. It acts by synthesizing a protein receptor.
Netrin receptor DCC, also known as DCC, or colorectal cancer suppressor is a protein which in humans is encoded by the DCC gene. [5] DCC has long been implicated in colorectal cancer and its previous name was Deleted in colorectal carcinoma . [ 6 ]
Mutations of this gene are a step in the development of many cancers, specifically glioblastoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer. Genes corresponding to PTEN ( orthologs ) [ 7 ] have been identified in most mammals for which complete genome data are available.
This category can be used for both tumor suppressor genes and the proteins they produce. Pages in category "Tumor suppressor genes" The following 37 pages are in this category, out of 37 total.
Under this model, cancer arises as the result of a single, isolated event, rather than the slow accumulation of multiple mutations. [4] The exact function of some tumor suppressor genes is not currently known (e.g. MEN1, WT1), [5] but based on these genes following the Knudson "two-hit" hypothesis, they are strongly presumed to be suppressor genes.
If, through mutation, normal genes promoting cellular growth are up-regulated (gain-of-function mutation), they predispose the cell to cancer and are termed oncogenes. Usually, multiple oncogenes, along with mutated apoptotic or tumor suppressor genes, act in concert to cause cancer. Since the 1970s, dozens of oncogenes have been identified in ...
In 1997, Kinzler and Bert Vogelstein grouped these cancer susceptibility genes into two classes: "caretakers" and "gatekeepers". [3] In 2004, a third classification of tumor suppressor genes was proposed by Franziska Michor, Yoh Iwasa, and Martin Nowak; "landscaper" genes. In contrast to caretaker genes, gatekeeper genes encode gene products ...
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