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Damnatio ad bestias (Latin for "condemnation to beasts") was a form of Roman capital punishment where the condemned person was killed by wild animals, usually lions or other big cats. This form of execution, which first appeared during the Roman Republic around the 2nd century BC, had been part of a wider class of blood sports called Bestiarii .
The mosaic's depiction of the capital punishment of Damnatio ad bestias appears similar to records of the defeat of Garamantes recounted by Tacitus and dated at 70 AD. [ 5 ] In 1965, Georges Ville studied the mosaic based on the historical evidence provided by the costumes and weaponry of the protagonists in sections of the mosaic depicting ...
Among Ancient Romans, bestiarii (singular bestiarius) were those who went into combat with beasts, or were exposed to them.It is conventional [1] to distinguish two categories of bestiarii: the first were those condemned to death via the beasts (see damnatio ad bestias) and the second were those who faced them voluntarily, for pay or glory (see venatio). [2]
According to Tacitus, Nero used Christians as human torches The Victory of Faith, by Saint George Hare, depicts two Christians in the eve of their damnatio ad bestias. According to Jacob Neusner, the only religion in antiquity that was persistently outlawed and subject of systematic persecution was not Judaism, but Christianity. [15]
damnatio ad bestias: condemnation to [the] beasts: Colloquially, "thrown to the lions". damnatio memoriae: damnation of memory: The ancient Roman custom by which it was pretended that disgraced Romans, especially former emperors, never existed, by eliminating all records and likenesses of them. damnum absque injuria: damage without injury
Portion from the Zliten mosaic found in the Villa of Dar Buc Ammera depicting the execution of Garamantian prisoners through damnatio ad bestias in the Amphitheatre of Leptis Magna, c. 70 CE. The earliest known written record to document the Garamantes dates to the 5th century BC. [1]
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Biting by animals, as in damnatio ad bestias (i.e., the cliché, "being thrown to the lions"), as well as crocodiles and sharks. Tearing apart by horses (e.g., in medieval Europe and Imperial China, with four horses; or "quartering", with four horses, as in The Song of Roland), variant with tearing apart by camels was sometimes used in the ...