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Germany has the third-largest Jewish population in Western Europe after France (600,000) and Britain (300,000) [101] and the fastest-growing Jewish population in Europe in recent years. The influx of immigrants, many of them seeking renewed contact with their Ashkenazi heritage, has led to a renaissance of Jewish life in Germany.
It took 15 years for the Jewish population to increase by one million, reaching 12 million by 1960. From the 1970s through the mid-1990s, the Jewish population experienced stagnation, characterized by nearly zero population growth. However, since the 1990s, demographic growth has been observed, largely due to accelerating population growth in ...
Approximately 525,000 Jews were living in Germany in 1933 (0.75% of the entire German population). [40] Discrimination against Jews began immediately after the national seizure of power in 1933. [41] The Nazi Party used populist antisemitic views to gain votes.
The population of Jews in Leipzig dropped from 11,000 in 1933 to 4,470 by 1939. [4] Jews were forced from their homes to homes for Jews called "Judenhaus". [4] In September 1939 Germany launched the invasion of Poland starting World War II.
Overall, of the 522,000 Jews living in Germany in January 1933, approximately 304,000 emigrated during the first six years of Nazi rule and about 214,000 were left on the eve of World War II. Of these, 160,000-180,000 were killed as a part of the Holocaust. On 19 May 1943, only about 20,000 Jews remained and Germany was declared judenrein. [1]
The first Jewish population in the region to be later known as Germany came with the Romans to the city now known as Cologne. A "Golden Age" in the first millennium saw the emergence of the Ashkenazi Jews, while the persecution and expulsion that followed the Crusades led to the creation of Yiddish and an overall shift eastwards.
Due to anti-Semitism and persecution in the 1920s and 1930s, [11] Königsberg's Jewish population was in decline by the time of the Nazi Party took control through the Machtergreifung in 1933. In that year there were only 3,500 Jews living in the city. [12]
All data below, are from the Berman Jewish DataBank at Stanford University in the World Jewish Population (2020) report coordinated by Sergio DellaPergola at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. The Jewish DataBank figures are primarily based on national censuses combined with trend analysis.