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A head of state is the public persona of a sovereign state. [1] The name given to the office of head of state depends on the country's form of government and any separation of powers; the powers of the office in each country range from being also the head of government to being little more than a ceremonial figurehead.
This is a list of current heads of state and heads of government. In some cases, mainly in presidential systems , one leader is head of state and head of government . In other cases, mainly in semi-presidential and parliamentary systems , the head of state and the head of government are different people.
For a list of heads of state taking dates of independence into account, see List of heads of state by diplomatic precedence. Acting presidents are included in this list, but if a leader has non-consecutive terms, only the current period of service is listed. States where head of state differs from head of government are mainly parliamentary ...
This article lists the 101 oldest living current or former state leaders whose age can be demonstrated beyond reasonable doubt. State leaders are defined to include heads of state (including representatives who act in their stead, generally a governor-general), heads of government and internationally recognized de facto leaders [α] of sovereign states with significant international recognition.
Ali Laarayedh, Head of government (2013–2014) Mehdi Jomaa, Head of government (2014–2015) Habib Essid, Head of government (2015–2016) Youssef Chahed, Head of government (2016–2020) Elyes Fakhfakh, Head of government (2020) Hichem Mechichi, Head of government (2020–2021) Najla Bouden, Head of government (2021–2023)
As head of state, the president represents the United States government to its own people and represents the nation to the rest of the world. For example, during a state visit by a foreign head of state, the president typically hosts a State Arrival Ceremony held on the South Lawn, a custom begun by John F. Kennedy in 1961. [118]
This category is for types and aspects of the office of head of state, in a fairly wide sense. The main article for this category is Heads of state . See also the categories Heads of government , Sovereignty , and Governors and heads of sub-national entities
Within the Executive Branch, the Department of State is the lead US foreign affairs agency, and its head, the secretary of state, is the president's principal foreign policy advisor. The department advances US objectives and interests in the world through its primary role in developing and implementing the president's foreign policy.