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A closely related condition is multifocal serpiginoid choroiditis. This is caused by tuberculosis. [3] The distinction between these two conditions is important as the latter responds to anti tuberculosis treatment while the former does not. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the most common complication associated with Serpiginous choroiditis.
Unlike multiple evanescent white dot syndrome, multifocal choroiditis is a chronic disorder and macular scarring contributes to severe visual loss. Theories regarding the cause include an exogenous pathogen sensitizing an individual to antigens within photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, or choroid. [2] [6]
Chorioretinitis is often caused by toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus infections (mostly seen in immunodeficient subjects such as people with HIV/AIDS or on immunosuppressant drugs). [3] Congenital toxoplasmosis via transplacental transmission can also lead to sequelae such as chorioretinitis along with hydrocephalus and cerebral calcifications.
Serpiginous, first known to be used in the 15th century, is a term from Latin serpere (“to creep”), usually referring to a creeping, snakelike or slowly progressive skin disease. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is used to describe the rash in cutaneous larvae migrans , [ 3 ] erythema annulare centrifugum , [ 4 ] purpura annularis telangiectoides , ringworm ...
Layers of the eye, with the choroid labelled. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the creation of new blood vessels in the choroid layer of the eye.Choroidal neovascularization is a common cause of neovascular degenerative maculopathy (i.e. 'wet' macular degeneration) [1] commonly exacerbated by extreme myopia, malignant myopic degeneration, or age-related developments.
Diabetic myonecrosis is a complication of diabetes. It is caused by infarcted muscle tissue, usually in the thigh. [1] ... Symptoms usually resolve in weeks to months ...
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The symptoms of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults are similar to those of other forms of diabetes: polydipsia (excessive thirst and drinking), polyuria (excessive urination), and often blurred vision. [15] Compared to juvenile type 1 diabetes, the symptoms develop comparatively slowly, over a period of at least six months. [16]