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This is because much of the variation in Peninsular Spanish is between north and south, often imagined as Castilian versus Andalusian. [7] Typically, it is more loosely used to denote the Spanish spoken in all of Spain as compared to Spanish spoken in Latin America.
While there is no broad consensus on how Latin American Spanish dialects should be classified, the following scheme which takes into account phonological, grammatical, socio-historical, and language contact data provides a reasonable approximation of Latin American dialect variation: [5] [6]
A general Latin American "standard" does, however, vary from the Castilian "standard" register used in television, music and, notably, in the dubbing industry. [1] Of the more than 498 million people who speak Spanish as their native language, more than 455 million are in Latin America, the United States and Canada, as of 2022. [2]
As a Romance language, Spanish is a descendant of Latin. Around 75% of modern Spanish vocabulary is Latin in origin, including Latin borrowings from Ancient Greek. [12] [13] Alongside English and French, it is also one of the most taught foreign languages throughout the world. [14] Spanish is well represented in the humanities and social ...
Thus, some Latin American countries formerly under Spanish rule have retained the custom of calling it castellano, while others eventually switched to calling it español, with many different factors influencing the final choice. In English, the term Spanish relates both to the language and to the nation
There also appear gender differences: el PC ('personal computer') in Castilian Spanish and some Latin American Spanish, la PC in some Hispanic American Spanish, due to the widespread use of the gallicism ordenador (from ordinateur in French) for computer in Peninsular Spanish, which is masculine, instead of the Hispanic-American-preferred ...
Southern European Spanish (Andalusian Spanish, Murcian Spanish, etc.) and several lowland dialects in Latin America (such as those from the Caribbean, Panama, and the Atlantic coast of Colombia) exhibit more extreme forms of simplification of coda consonants: word-final dropping of /s/ (e.g. compás [komĖpa] 'musical beat' or 'compass')
Like most other Latin American dialects of Spanish, Chilean Spanish has seseo: /θ/ is not distinguished from /s/. In much of the Andean region, the merged phoneme is pronounced as apicoalveolar , [citation needed] a sound with a place of articulation intermediate between laminodental and palatal . That trait is associated with a large number ...