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  2. Pre-sectarian Buddhism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-sectarian_Buddhism

    This nirvana, as a transmundane reality or state, an "eternal vijñana" and is incarnated in the person of the Buddha. The more radical anatman doctrine does not apply to this. Nirvana can be reached because it already dwells as the inmost "consciousness" of the human being. It is a consciousness which is not subject to birth and death.

  3. Engaged Buddhism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engaged_Buddhism

    Engaged Buddhism, also known as socially engaged Buddhism, refers to a Buddhist social movement that emerged in Asia in the 20th century. It is composed of Buddhists who seek to apply Buddhist ethics, insights acquired from meditation practice, and the teachings of the Buddhist dharma to contemporary situations of social, political, environmental, and economic suffering, and injustice.

  4. Yogachara - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogachara

    Although Yogācāras in general do not accept the existence of an external material world, according to Satyākāravāda its appearances or “aspects” (rnam pa, ākāra) reflected in consciousness have a real existence, because they are of one nature with the really existent consciousness, their creator. According to Alikākāravāda ...

  5. Problem-posing education - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem-posing_education

    Freire's philosophy of education centers on critical consciousness, whereby the oppressed recognize the causes of their oppression "so that through transforming action they can create a new situation, one which makes possible the pursuit of fuller humanity". [2] Problem-posing education is the path to critical consciousness.

  6. My Pedagogic Creed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Pedagogic_Creed

    Education is a social process. According to the creed, it should not be used for the purposes of preparation for living in the future. Dewey said, "I believe that education, therefore, is a process of living and not a preparation for future living." We can build a child's self-esteem in not only the classroom but in all aspects of his or her life.

  7. Four stages of competence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_stages_of_competence

    Though the individual does not understand or know how to do something, they recognize the deficit, as well as the value of a new skill in addressing the deficit. The making of mistakes can be integral to the learning process at this stage. [1] Conscious competence The individual understands or knows how to do something.

  8. Emergentism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergentism

    Emergentism is the belief in emergence, particularly as it involves consciousness and the philosophy of mind.A property of a system is said to be emergent if it is a new outcome of some other properties of the system and their interaction, while it is itself different from them. [1]

  9. Schools of Buddhism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schools_of_Buddhism

    Some sub-schools, such as the Kukkuṭikas, did not accept the Mahayana sutras as being word of the Buddha, whole others, like the Lokottaravādins, did accept them. [29] Although there are differences in the historical records as to the exact composition of the various schools of early Buddhism, a hypothetical combined list would be as follows: