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Drinking water contaminated with feces: Produces dysentery-like symptoms along with a high fever. Usually lasts 2–10 days. Cholera: Spread by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae: Drinking water contaminated with the bacterium In severe forms it is known to be one of the most rapidly fatal illnesses known.
Infected individuals who experience symptoms (about 10% have no symptoms) may have diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. [1] Less common symptoms include vomiting and blood in the stool. [1] Symptoms usually begin one to three weeks after exposure and, without treatment, may last two to six weeks or longer. [4]
Water that is intended for drinking should go through some treatment to reduce pathogenic viral and bacterial concentrations. As the density of the human population has increased the incidence of sewage contamination of water has increased as well, thus the risk to humans from pathogenic viruses will increase if precautions are not taken.
[2] [4] In children, rotavirus is the most common cause of severe disease. [10] In adults, norovirus and Campylobacter are common causes. [11] [12] Eating improperly prepared food, drinking contaminated water or close contact with a person who is infected can spread the disease. [2]
The common routes of transmission for the disease-causing bacteria are fecal-oral, person-to-person sexual contact, [citation needed] ingestion of contaminated food (generally unpasteurized (raw) milk and undercooked or poorly handled poultry), and waterborne (i.e., through contaminated drinking water). Contact with contaminated poultry ...
The Safe Drinking Water Act, which was passed by Congress in 1974, regulates the country’s drinking water supply, focusing on waters that are or could be used for drinking. This act requires ...
Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common sources of infectious enteritis, and the most common bacterial pathogen found in two-year-old and smaller children with diarrhoea. [12] It has been linked to consumption of contaminated water and food, most commonly poultry and milk.
The risk is greatest in the first two weeks of travel and among young adults. [2] People affected are more often from the developed world. [2] Recommendations for prevention include eating only properly cleaned and cooked food, drinking bottled water, and frequent hand washing. [4]
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