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In organic chemistry, the E i mechanism (Elimination Internal/Intramolecular), also known as a thermal syn elimination or a pericyclic syn elimination, is a special type of elimination reaction in which two vicinal (adjacent) substituents on an alkane framework leave simultaneously via a cyclic transition state to form an alkene in a syn elimination. [1]
Monomethyl auristatin E is an antimitotic agent which inhibits cell division by blocking the polymerisation of tubulin.The linker to the monoclonal antibody is stable in extracellular fluid, but is cleaved by cathepsin once the conjugate has entered a tumor cell, thus activating the antimitotic mechanism.
Osteoporosis, including drug- and cancer-related osteoporosis, giant cell tumour of bone and hypercalcaemia of malignancies: Hypercholesterolaemia, cataract, urinary retention, hypocalcaemia, osteonecrosis of the jaw and anaphylaxis. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin: IV: CD33 antibody that induces apoptosis of the tagged cell. Acute myeloid leukaemia
Medications to inhibit the function of p-glycoprotein are undergoing investigation, but due to toxicities and interactions with anti-cancer drugs their development has been difficult. [ 144 ] [ 145 ] Another mechanism of resistance is gene amplification , a process in which multiple copies of a gene are produced by cancer cells.
Examples include therapeutic cancer vaccines (also known as treatment vaccines, [13] which are designed to boost the body's immune system to fight cancer), CAR-T cells, and targeted antibody therapies. In contrast, passive immunotherapy does not directly target tumor cells, but enhances the ability of the immune system to attack cancer cells.
Due to their efficiency, these drugs are the most widely used cytostatics. Competition for the binding sites of enzymes that participate in essential biosynthetic processes and subsequent incorporation of these biomolecules into nucleic acids , inhibits their normal tumor cell function and triggers apoptosis , the cell death process.
Paclitaxel is also known as Taxol and Onxol to be an anti-cancer drug. The drug is the first line treatment for ovarian, breast, lung, and colon cancer and the second line treatment for AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. (Kaposi sarcoma is a cancer of the skin and mucous membranes that is commonly found in patients with acquired immunodeficiency ...
Adavosertib is a Wee1 kinase inhibitor that is undergoing numerous clinical trials in the treatment of refractory solid tumors. [9] However, toxicities such as myelosuppression , diarrhea , and supraventricular tachyarrhythmia have arisen while attempting to determine the toxicity and effectiveness of the drug.