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Differences in smell sensitivity are also dependent on the anatomy of the olfactory apparatus, such as the size of the olfactory bulb and epithelium. Nonetheless, the general features of the olfactory system are highly conserved among vertebrates, [ 4 ] and, similarly to other sensory systems, olfaction has undergone fairly modest changes ...
In both cases, a positive increase in signal output (voltage) can be identified and used to index inhalation events. Alternatively, a photo transducer can be placed on the opposite side of an animal's chest from a light source (e.g., a Light-emitting diode). In this design, a decrease in signal reflects inhalation (chest expansion) as the chest ...
Aposematism is the advertising by an animal, whether terrestrial or marine, to potential predators that it is not worth attacking or eating. [1] This unprofitability may consist of any defenses which make the prey difficult to kill and eat, such as toxicity, venom , foul taste or smell, sharp spines, or aggressive nature.
The animal needs to use planning skills when they gather the materials they want to throw. For example, chimpanzees living in zoos have been seen gathering piles of rocks and hiding them, only to ...
By Ivan Moreno ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. -- New Mexico authorities are making a stink after an odor wafting from a New Mexico property led them to a foul discovery -- dozens of dead animals, including the ...
Tomasko said one approach that local governments can take is removing the decaying algae from the water. In addition to removing the mess, it also removes nutrients from the water that could fuel ...
The olfactory bulb (Latin: bulbus olfactorius) is a neural structure of the vertebrate forebrain involved in olfaction, the sense of smell. It sends olfactory information to be further processed in the amygdala , the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the hippocampus where it plays a role in emotion, memory and learning.
Odor identification requires the specific labeling of presented olfactory stimuli, unlike odor recognition. [8] Neural coding refers to the way that the identity, concentration, and pleasurable value of olfactory stimuli are represented in the pattern of action potentials relayed to the brain from the olfactory bulb. [ 13 ]