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Vermont was amongst the first places to abolish slavery by constitutional dictum. [1] Although estimates place the number of slaves at 25 in 1770, [2] [3] slavery was banned outright [4] upon the founding of Vermont in July 1777, and by a further provision in its Constitution, existing male slaves became free at the age of 21 and females at the age of 18. [5]
The Vermont Republic officially known at the time as the State of Vermont, was an independent state in New England that existed from January 15, 1777, to March 4, 1791. [1] The state was founded in January 1777, when delegates from 28 towns met and declared independence from the jurisdictions and land claims of the British colonies of Quebec ...
Pennsylvania abolished slavery in 1780, and about half of the states had abolished slavery by the end of the Revolutionary War or in the first decades of the new country, although this did not always mean that existing slaves became free. Vermont — having declared its independence from Britain in 1777 and thus not being one of the Thirteen ...
(From 1777 until early 1791, and hence during all of 1790, Vermont was a de facto independent country whose government took the position that Vermont was not then a part of the United States.) At 17.8 percent, the 1790 census's proportion of slaves to the free population was the highest ever recorded by any census of the United States. [10]
The population of enslaved Americans in Vermont was calculated to be 25 in 1770 according to the United States Census Bureau's Bicentennial Edition Historical Statistics of the United States: Colonial Times to 1970 [23] [24] and was recorded at 16 in 1790 according to a contemporary study Return of the Whole Number of Persons Within the Several ...
The large Galusha family was very illustrious in Vermont's early history, and very active abolitionists in later years. One of Truman's brothers, Elon Galusha, (1790 – 1856) was the first president of the Baptist Anti-Slavery Society, promoted the Liberty Party, and became quite famous preaching his entire life on the evils of slavery. [14]
Evolution of the enslaved population of the United States as a percentage of the population of each state, 1790–1860. Following the creation of the United States in 1776 and the ratification of the U.S. Constitution in 1789, the legal status of slavery was generally a matter for individual U.S. state legislatures and judiciaries (outside of several historically significant exceptions ...
The negotiations were successfully concluded in October 1790 with an agreement that Vermont would pay $30,000 to New York to be distributed among New Yorkers who claimed land in Vermont under New York land patents. [44] In January 1791, a convention in Vermont voted 105–4 [45] to petition Congress to become a state in the federal union.