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Such circuits are widely used for frequency conversion in radio systems. [1] The advantage of this circuit is the output current is an accurate multiplication of the (differential) base currents of both inputs. As a mixer, its balanced operation cancels out many unwanted mixing products, resulting in a "cleaner" output.
A circuit that has the specific purpose of allowing interfacing between balanced and unbalanced circuits is called a balun. A balun could be a transformer with one leg earthed on the unbalanced side as described in the transformer balance section above. Other circuits are possible such as autotransformers or active circuits. [4]
In the Armstrong method, the audio signal and the radio frequency carrier signal are applied to the balanced modulator to generate a double sideband suppressed carrier signal. The phase of this output signal is then shifted 90 degrees with respect to the original carrier. The balanced modulator output can either lead or lag the carrier's phase.
A 'signal space diagram' is an ideal constellation diagram showing the correct position of the point representing each symbol. After passing through a communication channel, due to electronic noise or distortion added to the signal, the amplitude and phase received by the demodulator may differ from the correct value for the symbol. When ...
IQ imbalance is a performance-limiting issue in the design of a class of radio receivers known as direct conversion receivers. [a] These translate the received radio frequency (RF, or pass-band) signal directly from the carrier frequency to baseband using a single mixing stage.
Assume that a guard interval of 1/8 of the symbol length is inserted between each symbol. Intersymbol interference can be avoided if the multipath time-spreading (the time between the reception of the first and the last echo) is shorter than the guard interval (i.e., 125 microseconds).
The tank circuit (LC), connected to the collector via a capacitor, contains a pair of varicap diodes. As the voltage applied to the varicaps is changed, the phase shift of the output will change. Phase modulation is mathematically equivalent to direct Frequency modulation with a 6 dB/octave high-pass filter applied to the modulating signal ...
PSIM is an Electronic circuit simulation software package, designed specifically for use in power electronics and motor drive simulations but can be used to simulate any electronic circuit. Developed by Powersim, PSIM uses nodal analysis and the trapezoidal rule integration [2] as the basis of its simulation algorithm. PSIM provides a schematic ...