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File can be decompressed using Extract.exe or Expand.exe distributed with earlier versions of Windows. After compression, the last character of the original filename extension is replaced with an underscore, e.g. ‘Setup.exe’ becomes ‘Setup.ex_’. 46 4C 49 46: FLIF: 0 flif Free Lossless Image Format: 1A 45 DF A3 ␚Eߣ 0 mkv mka mks ...
null: An empty value; bool: Boolean values; string: Unicode text literals; list: Ordered heterogeneous collection of Ion values; struct: Unordered collection of key/value pairs; The nebulous JSON 'number' type is strictly defined in Ion to be one of int: Signed integers of arbitrary size; float: 64-bit IEEE binary-encoded floating point numbers
Hugh Darwen and Chris Date have suggested that Codd's concept of an "atomic value" is ambiguous, and that this ambiguity has led to widespread confusion about how 1NF should be understood. [7] [8] In particular, the notion of a "value that cannot be decomposed" is problematic, as it would seem to imply that few, if any, data types are atomic:
If the file fit in a 512 (2 9) word block, then the file directory would point to that physical disk block. If the file fit in 2 18 words, then the directory would point to an aux index; the 512 words of that index would either be NULL (the block isn't allocated) or point to the physical address of the block.
The separators (File, Group, Record, and Unit: FS, GS, RS and US) were made to structure data, usually on a tape, in order to simulate punched cards. End of medium (EM) warns that the tape (or other recording medium) is ending.
For example, an employee file might contain employee number, name, department, and salary. The employee number will be unique in the organization and will be the primary key. Depending on the storage medium and file organization, the employee number might be indexed —that is also stored in a separate file to make the lookup faster.
A record is a value that contains other values, typically in fixed number and sequence and typically indexed by names. The elements of records are usually called fields or members. An object contains a number of data fields, like a record, and also offers a number of subroutines for accessing or modifying them, called methods.
Product type (also called a tuple), a record in which the fields are not named; String, a sequence of characters representing text; Union, a datum which may be one of a set of types; Tagged union (also called a variant, discriminated union or sum type), a union with a tag specifying which type the data is