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The retroperitoneal space (retroperitoneum) is the anatomical space (sometimes a potential space) behind (retro) the peritoneum. It has no specific delineating anatomical structures. It has no specific delineating anatomical structures.
The peritoneum is the serous membrane forming the lining of the abdominal cavity or coelom in amniotes and some invertebrates, such as annelids.It covers most of the intra-abdominal (or coelomic) organs, and is composed of a layer of mesothelium supported by a thin layer of connective tissue.
The retroperitoneum or retroperitnium is an anatomical region that includes the peritoneum-covered organs and tissues that make up the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity and the pelvic space - which extends behind to the abdominal cavity.
Retroperitoneal bleeding is an accumulation of blood in the retroperitoneal space. Signs and symptoms may include abdominal or upper leg pain , hematuria , and shock . It can be caused by major trauma or by non-traumatic mechanisms.
The peritoneal cavity is widely used in intraperitoneal injections to administer chemotherapy drugs, [5] [6] and is also utilized in peritoneal dialysis. [7] An increase in capillary pressure in the abdominal organs can cause fluid to leave the interstitial space and enter the peritoneal cavity, resulting in a condition called ascites.
retroperitoneal organs are covered in adventitia (loose connective tissue) In the gastrointestinal tract , the muscular layer is bounded in most cases by serosa. However, at the oral cavity , thoracic esophagus , ascending colon , descending colon and the rectum , the muscular layer is instead bounded by adventitia.
Peritoneal recesses (or peritoneal gutters) are the spaces formed by peritoneum draping over viscera. [1] The term refers mainly to four spaces in the abdominal cavity; the two paracolic gutters and the two paramesenteric gutters. There are other smaller recesses including those around the duodenojejunal flexure, cecum, and the sigmoid colon.
Abdominal compartment syndrome occurs when tissue fluid within the peritoneal and retroperitoneal space (either edema, retroperitoneal blood or free fluid in the abdomen) accumulates in such large volumes that the abdominal wall compliance threshold is crossed and the abdomen can no longer stretch. Once the abdominal wall can no longer expand ...