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US dollar – Iranian rial official exchange rate graph (2000-2017) [citation needed] Official vs. free exchange rates (rials per US dollar) [44] [45] Year Official rate
In early April, with the rial sinking to record lows before U.S. President Donald Trump's decision to exit the Iran nuclear deal, Tehran said it was unifying official and free-market rates for the ...
Government loans and credits are available to industrial and agricultural projects, primarily through banks. Iran's unit of currency is the rial which had an average official exchange rate of 9,326 rials to the U.S. dollar in 2007. [37] Rials are exchanged on the unofficial market at a higher rate. In 1979, the government nationalized private ...
US dollar/Iranian rial exchange rate has remained relatively stable from 2003, when Iran adopted a "managed floating exchange rate" until 2012. Monetary policy is facilitated by a network of 50 Iranian-run forex dealers in Iran , the Middle-East and Europe .
Shah's portrait at the 1000 Iranian rial bank note. Between fiscal year 1964 and FY 1978, Iran's gross national product grew at an annual rate of 13.2 percent at constant prices. The oil, gas, and construction industries expanded by almost 500 percent during this period, while the share of value-added manufacturing increased by 4 percent.
Money in circulation reached $700 billion in March 2020 (based on the 2017 pre-devalation exchange rate). [72] (Iran's monetary base reached 3,721.46 trillion rials (nearly $12 billion) in September 2020 while M2 reached $95 billion (i.e. 26% and 36.2% increase in one year respectively), while the money multiplier effect (which shows how much ...
By 2024, Russia's FX reserves were estimated to be around $570 billion to $600 billion, with a substantial portion in gold, yuan, and other non-traditional reserve assets. The total value fluctuates due to changes in the exchange rates of the reserve currencies and adjustments to gold holdings.
The Iranian toman (Persian: تومان, romanized: tūmân, pronounced [tuː.mɒːn]; from Turko-Mongolian tümen "unit of ten thousand", [1] [2] [a] see the unit called tumen) is a superunit of the official currency of Iran, the rial. One toman is equivalent to 10 (old), or 10,000 (new, official) rials.