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Catharanthus roseus is an evergreen subshrub or herbaceous plant growing 1 m (39 in) tall. The leaves are oval to oblong, 2.5–9 cm (1.0–3.5 in) long and 1–3.5 cm (0.4–1.4 in) wide, glossy green, hairless, with a pale midrib and a short petiole 1–1.8 cm (0.4–0.7 in) long; they are arranged in opposite pairs.
Catharanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae.Like the genus Vinca, they are known commonly as periwinkles. [3] There are eight known species. Seven are endemic to Madagascar, [4] though one, C. roseus, is widely naturalized around the world.
The compounds catharanthine and vindoline are naturally produced within the leaves of C. roseus plants. The C. roseus plant is a member of the Apocynaceae family, which are flowering plants that are found primarily in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. [3]
The involvement of the glucoalkaloid strictosidine in the antimicrobial and antifeedant activity of Catharanthus roseus leaves was studied. Strictosidine and its deglucosylation product, specifically formed by the enzyme strictosidine glucosidase, were found to be active against several microorganisms. [6]
Catharanthus roseus yields alkaloids used in the treatment of cancer. [22] [23] Tabernanthe iboga, Voacanga africana, and Tabernaemontana undulata contain the alkaloid ibogaine, which is a psychedelic drug which may help with drug addiction, but which has significant adverse effects, [24] [25] with ibogaine being both cardiotoxic and neurotoxic ...
The Caribs traditionally made a tea from the leaves of the periwinkle plant (Catharanthus roseus) for use as a treatment for diabetes. [7] Pharmacological companies today extract several medicinal alkaloids from periwinkle sap. The alkaloids derived from this plant include the anti-cancer agents vinblastine and vincristine. [8]
Vinca (/ ˈ v ɪ ŋ k ə /; [2] Latin: vincire "to bind, fetter") is an Old World genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae, The English name periwinkle is shared with the related genus Catharanthus (and with the mollusc Littorina littorea). Some Vinca species are cultivated but have also spread invasively.
The Madagascan periwinkle Catharanthus roseus L. is the source for a number of important natural products, [1] including catharanthine and vindoline [2] and the vinca alkaloids it produces from them: leurosine and the chemotherapy agents vinblastine [3] and vincristine, [4] all of which can be obtained from the plant.
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