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Schematic diagram of NF-κB protein structure. [1] There are two structural classes of NF-κB proteins: class I (top) and class II (bottom). Both classes of proteins contain a N-terminal DNA-binding domain (DBD), which also serves as a dimerization interface to other NF-κB transcription factors and, in addition, binds to the inhibitory IκBα ...
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFKB1 gene. [ 5 ] This gene encodes a 105 kD protein which can undergo cotranslational processing by the 26S proteasome to produce a 50 kD protein.
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFKB2 gene. [5] Function. NF-κB has been detected in numerous cell types that ...
IKK-β is an enzyme that serves as a protein subunit of IκB kinase, which is a component of the cytokine-activated intracellular signaling pathway involved in triggering immune responses. IKK's activity causes activation of a transcription factor known as Nuclear Transcription factor kappa-B or NF-κB.
RANKL is released by osteoblast lineage cells and binds to receptor RANK on the surface of osteoclast progenitor cells [32] RANK-RANKL binding activates the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway resulting in the upregulation of the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 . [33]
The NFKB complex is inhibited by I-kappa-B proteins (NFKBIA, MIM 164008, or NFKBIB), which inactivate NF-kappa-B by trapping it in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of serine residues on the I-kappa-B proteins by kinases (IKBKA, MIM 600664 or IKBKB, MIM 603258) marks them for destruction via the ubiquitination pathway, thereby allowing activation ...
The IκBα (inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B) protein inactivates the NF-κB transcription factor by masking the nuclear localization signals (NLS) of NF-κB proteins and keeping them sequestered in an inactive state in the cytoplasm. [2] [3] [4] Specifically, IKK phosphorylates the inhibitory IκBα protein. [5]
Nuclear factor-kappa B Essential Modulator (NEMO) deficiency syndrome is a rare type of primary immunodeficiency disease that has a highly variable set of symptoms and prognoses. It mainly affects the skin and immune system but has the potential to affect all parts of the body, including the lungs , urinary tract and gastrointestinal tract . [ 1 ]