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A telomere (/ ˈ t ɛ l ə m ɪər, ˈ t iː l ə-/; from Ancient Greek τέλος (télos) 'end' and μέρος (méros) 'part') is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences associated with specialized proteins at the ends of linear chromosomes (see Sequences). Telomeres are a widespread genetic feature most commonly found in eukaryotes.
Telomerase, also called terminal transferase, [1] is a ribonucleoprotein that adds a species-dependent telomere repeat sequence to the 3' end of telomeres. A telomere is a region of repetitive sequences at each end of the chromosomes of most eukaryotes .
They then used α factor to block cells with induced short telomeres in late G1 phase and measured the change in telomere length when the cells were released under a variety of conditions. They found that when the cells were released and concurrently treated with nocodazole , a G2/M phase cell cycle inhibitor, telomere length increased for the ...
With each division the cells telomeres, protective sequences of DNA on the end of a chromosome that prevent degradation of the chromosomal DNA, shorten. This shortening has been correlated to negative effects such as age-related diseases and shortened lifespans in humans.
Fusion of ancestral chromosomes left distinctive remnants of telomeres, and a vestigial centromere. Joe Hin Tjio working in Albert Levan's lab [76] found the chromosome count to be 46 using new techniques available at the time: Using cells in tissue culture; Pretreating cells in a hypotonic solution, which swells them and spreads the chromosomes
Band length in this diagram is proportional to base-pair length. This type of ideogram is generally used in genome browsers (e.g. Ensembl , UCSC Genome Browser ). G-banding patterns of human chromosome 20 in three different resolutions (400, [ 14 ] 550 [ 15 ] and 850 [ 3 ] ).
As the cell divides, the telomeres on the end of a linear chromosome get shorter. The telomeres will eventually no longer be present on the chromosome. This end stage is the concept that links the deterioration of telomeres to aging. Top: Primary mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (MEFs) before senescence. Spindle-shaped.
telomere in genetics This page was last edited on 17 March 2016, at 02:26 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License ...