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Mapping of several bone diseases onto levels of vitamin D (calcidiol) in the blood [6] Normal bone vs. osteoporosis. Vitamin D deficiency is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood, which is the most accurate measure of stores of vitamin D in the body.
Nutritional osteomalacia responds well to administration of 2,000-10,000 IU of vitamin D3 by mouth daily. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is typically absorbed more readily than vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). Osteomalacia due to malabsorption may require treatment by injection or daily oral dosing [20] of significant amounts of vitamin D3.
The Swedish National Food Agency recommends a daily intake of 10 μg (400 IU) of vitamin D 3 for children and adults up to 75 years, and 20 μg (800 IU) for adults 75 and older. [ 175 ] Non-government organisations in Europe have made their own recommendations.
Researchers believe there may be a link between long-term vitamin D deficiency and the development of autoimmune conditions, such as type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis, but more research is ...
The recommended adequate intake of sodium is 1,500 milligrams (3.9 g salt) per day, and people over 50 need even less." [13] The Daily Value for potassium, 4,700 mg per day, was based on a study of men who were given 14.6 g of sodium chloride per day and treated with potassium supplements until the frequency of salt sensitivity was reduced to 20%.
There are many recognized spinal diseases, some more common than others. Spinal disease also includes cervical spine diseases, which are diseases in the vertebrae of the neck. A lot of flexibility exists within the cervical spine and because of that, it is common for an individual to damage that area, especially over a long period of time.
Vitamin D (the inactive version) is mainly from two forms: vitamin D 3 and vitamin D 2. Vitamin D 3, or cholecalciferol, is formed in the skin after exposure to sunlight or ultra violet radiation or from D 3 supplements or fortified food sources. Vitamin D 2, or ergocalciferol, is obtained from D 2 supplements or fortified food sources. [3]
Older adults typically consume less calcium, around 600 mg/day, which heightens their susceptibility to fractures. For optimal bone health, a calcium intake of 1000–1200 mg/day is recommended, along with 800 IU/day of vitamin D3 for those with adequate sun exposure, and up to 2000 IU/day for those with limited sun exposure or obesity.