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N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) is an organic compound with the formula (CH 2 CO) 2 NOH. It is a white solid that is used as a reagent for preparing active esters in peptide synthesis. It can be synthesized by heating succinic anhydride with hydroxylamine or hydroxylamine hydrochloride. [2]
Active esters are often used in peptide synthesis, e.g., N-hydroxysuccinimide, hydroxybenzotriazole. [1] Active esters of acrylic acid are precursors to polymers with reactive side chains. [4] The concept of active esters extends to esters of phosphoric and sulfuric acids. One such case is dimethylsulfate, a strong methylating agent.
Disuccinimidyl suberate (DSS) is the non-water-soluble analog of BS3. DSS and BS3 express the same crosslinking ability toward primary amines. [ 16 ] The major structural difference between these two molecules is that DSS does not contain the sulfonate substituents at either end of the molecule, and it is this difference that is responsible for ...
N-Hydroxyphthalimide is the organic compound with the formula C 6 H 4 (CO) 2 NOH. A white or yellow solid, it is a derivative of phthalimide. The compound is as a catalyst in the synthesis of other organic compounds. [1] [2] It is soluble in water and organic solvents such as acetic acid, ethyl acetate and acetonitrile. [3]
NaHMDS is used as a strong base in organic synthesis. Typical reactions: To deprotonate ketones and esters to generate enolate derivatives. [3] Generate carbenes by dehydrohalogenation of halocarbons. These carbene reagents add to alkenes to give substituted cyclopropanes and cyclopropenes. [4]
Cholesteryl oleate, a member of the cholesteryl ester family. Cholesteryl esters are a type of dietary lipid and are ester derivatives of cholesterol. The ester bond is formed between the carboxylate group of a fatty acid and the hydroxyl group of cholesterol. Cholesteryl esters have a lower solubility in water due to their increased ...
It is produced during the breakdown of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids, and is used in the synthesis of many other biomolecules, including cholesterol, fatty acids, and ketone bodies. Acetyl-CoA is also a key molecule in the citric acid cycle , which is a series of chemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria of cells and is ...
Tetrafluorophenyl (TFP) ester chemistry is typically used to attach fluorophores or haptens to the primary amines of biomolecules. They produce the same amide bonds that are formed through conjugation with other amine-reactive groups, such as succinimidyl esters (SE, Hydroxysuccinimide- or NHS-ester), but TFP esters are less susceptible to spontaneous hydrolysis during conjugation reactions.