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2. PDF - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF

   A PDF file is organized using ASCII characters, except for certain elements that may have binary content. The file starts with a header containing a magic number (as a readable string) and the version of the format, for example %PDF-1.7.

3. List of file signatures - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_signatures

   Nintendo Game & Watch image file 4E 45 53: NES: 0 nes Nintendo Entertainment System image file A0 32 41 A0 A0 A0: 2A: 0x165A4 d64 Commodore 64 1541 disk image (D64 format) 47 53 52 2D 31 35 34 31: GCR-1541: 0 g64 Commodore 64 1541 disk image (G64 format) A0 33 44 A0 A0: 3D: 0x61819 d81 Commodore 64 1581 disk image (D81 format)

4. Base64 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base64

   Base64 is used to encode binary files such as images within scripts, to avoid depending on external files. Base64 can be used to embed PDF files in HTML pages. [15] The data URI scheme can use Base64 to represent file contents. For instance, background images and fonts can be specified in a CSS stylesheet file as data: URIs, instead of being ...

5. Binary image - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_image

   A binary image can be stored in memory as a bitmap: a packed array of bits. A binary image of 640×480 pixels has a file size of only 37.5 KiB, and most also compress well with simple run-length compression. A binary image format is often used in contexts where it is important to have a small file size for transmission or storage, or due to ...

6. List of file formats - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_formats

   TIFF/EP, TIF, TIFF – Tag Image File Format / Electronic Photography, ISO 12234-2; tends to be used as a basis for other formats rather than in its own right. VTF – Valve Texture Format; WEBP – WebP, an image format designed for the web that can provide both lossless and lossy compression. XBM – X Window System Bitmap

7. Binary file - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_file

   For example, a GIF file can contain multiple images, and headers are used to identify and describe each block of image data. The leading bytes of the header would contain text like GIF87a or GIF89a that can identify the binary as a GIF file. If a binary file does not contain any headers, it may be called a flat binary file.

8. Image file format - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_file_format

   Netpbm format is a family including the portable pixmap file format (PPM), the portable graymap file format (PGM) and the portable bitmap file format (PBM). These are either pure ASCII files or raw binary files with an ASCII header that provide very basic functionality and serve as a lowest common denominator for converting pixmap, graymap, or ...

9. Binary-to-text encoding - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary-to-text_encoding

   A binary-to-text encoding is encoding of data in plain text. More precisely, it is an encoding of binary data in a sequence of printable characters . These encodings are necessary for transmission of data when the communication channel does not allow binary data (such as email or NNTP ) or is not 8-bit clean .