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A study in Sweden [2] showed that 21.5% of smokers and 3% of nonsmokers (genetic pigmentation or unknown cause) had lesions that could be classified as an oral melanin pigmentation. A gingival melanin index in 4 degrees was established. [5] Already with a consumption of 1-3 cigarettes a day 9.3% of all 20.333 examined showed a smoker's melanosis.
Most of the patients are free from the melanin pigmentation after 3 months. [3] A dental laser can target and ablate the melanocytes, thus reducing the production of melanin in the gingival tissue. Following laser depigmentation, the gingiva heals by secondary intention. This results in a lighter and more uniform color of the gums.
Within a week, the gingiva returns to normal and is fully healed in next few weeks minus the pigmentation. [30] In conclusion, cryotherapy has been described as the most suitable treatment options for physiological oral melanosis. It is simple yet effective method for treating oral pigmentation with minimal trauma to the patient. [31]
Gingival recession is when there is an apical movement of the gum margin away from the biting (occlusal) surface. [4] It may indicate an underlying inflammation such as periodontitis [ 5 ] or pyorrhea , [ 5 ] a pocket formation, dry mouth [ 5 ] or displacement of the marginal gums away from the tooth by mechanical (such as brushing), [ 5 ...
When it comes to maintaining your health, you may be overlooking one of the most important parts of your body: your mouth. Gum disease is the most common oral disease, with studies estimating that ...
Gingival disease is a term used to group the diseases that affect the gingiva ... Gingival pigmentation; As gingivitis progresses further and is not treated, it may ...
Amalgam tattoo usually occurs on the mandibular gingiva, often in an area in which an apicoectomy ("root-end filling") with amalgam was carried out. [3]: 138 After the gingiva, the alveolar mucosa and the buccal mucosa are the next most common sites, although any mucosal site in the mouth is possible. [1]
Healthy gingiva can be described as stippled, pale or coral pink in Caucasian people, with various degrees of pigmentation in other races. [15] The gingival margin is located at the cemento-enamel junction without the presence of pathology. The gingival pocket between the tooth and the gingival should be no deeper than 1–3mm to be considered ...