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A compound fruit is "composed of two or more similar parts". [1] A compound fruit may be: An aggregate fruit, in which one flower contains several separate ovaries, which merge during development. A multiple fruit, in which several flowers, each with an ovary, develop into small fruits that are clustered or fused together into a larger fruit. A ...
Aggregate or compound fruits contain seeds from different ovaries of a single flower, with the individual "fruitlets" joined at maturity to form the complete fruit. [17] Examples of aggregate fruits commonly called "berries" include members of the genus Rubus, such as blackberry and raspberry. [18] Botanically, these are not berries.
Compound fruit, a term sometimes used when it is not clear whether a fruit is an aggregate fruit, a multiple fruit, or a simple fruit formed from a compound ovary; Accessory fruit, a fruit in which some of the flesh is derived from tissue exterior to the carpel; Carpel, the "building blocks" of the ovary
Syconium (pl.: syconia) is the type of fruit borne by figs (genus Ficus), formed by an enlarged, fleshy, hollow receptacle with multiple ovaries on the inside surface. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In essence, it is really a fleshy stem with a number of flowers, so it is considered both a multiple and accessory fruit.
An example of multiple fruits are the fig, mulberry, and the pineapple. [1] Simple fruits are formed from a single ovary and may contain one or many seeds. They can be either fleshy or dry. In fleshy fruit, during development, the pericarp and other accessory structures become the fleshy portion of the fruit. [2]
Multi-fruits, also called collective fruits, are fruiting bodies formed from a cluster of flowers, the inflorescence. Each flower in the inflorescence produces a fruit, but these mature into a single mass. [1] After flowering, the mass is called an infructescence. [2] [3] Examples are the fig, pineapple, mulberry, osage orange, and jackfruit.
Capsules are sometimes mislabeled as nuts, as in the example of the Brazil nut or the Horse-chestnut. A capsule is not a nut because it releases its seeds and it splits apart. Nuts, on the other hand, do not release seeds as they are a compound ovary containing both a single seed and the fruit. Nuts also do not split.
In other words, the flesh of the fruit develops not from the floral ovary, but from some adjacent tissue exterior to the carpel (for example, from receptacles or sepal). As a general rule, the accessory fruit is a combination of several floral organs, including the ovary. In contrast, true fruit forms exclusively from the ovary of the flower. [1]