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  2. Isaac Newton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Newton

    He discovered Newton's identities, Newton's method, classified cubic plane curves (polynomials of degree three in two variables), made substantial contributions to the theory of finite differences, with Newton regarded as "the single most significant contributor to finite difference interpolation", with many formulas created by Newton. [72]

  3. Early life of Isaac Newton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_life_of_Isaac_Newton

    Sir Isaac Newton at 46 in Godfrey Kneller's 1689 portrait. The following article is part of a biography of Sir Isaac Newton, the English mathematician and scientist, author of the Principia. It portrays the years after Newton's birth in 1643, his education, as well as his early scientific contributions, before the writing of his main work, the Principia Mathematica, in 1685. Overview of Newton ...

  4. History of gravitational theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_gravitational...

    The existence of the gravitational constant was explored by various researchers from the mid-17th century, helping Isaac Newton formulate his law of universal gravitation. Newton's classical mechanics were superseded in the early 20th century, when Einstein developed the special and general theories of relativity.

  5. History of centrifugal and centripetal forces - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_centrifugal_and...

    In 1676–77, Isaac Newton combined Kepler's laws of planetary motion with Huygens' ideas, refined them, and found the proposition that by a centrifugal force reciprocally as the square of the distance a planet must revolve in an ellipsis about the center of the force placed in the lower umbilicus of the ellipsis, and with a radius drawn to ...

  6. Newton's law of universal gravitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_law_of_universal...

    This is a general physical law derived from empirical observations by what Isaac Newton called inductive reasoning. [4] It is a part of classical mechanics and was formulated in Newton's work Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica ("the Principia"), first published on 5 July 1687. The equation for universal gravitation thus takes the form:

  7. Scientific Revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_Revolution

    Isaac Newton's Principia developed the first set of unified scientific laws. Newton also developed the theory of gravitation. In 1679, Newton began to consider gravitation and its effect on the orbits of planets with reference to Kepler's laws of planetary motion.

  8. History of classical mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_classical_mechanics

    Isaac Newton was the first to unify the three laws of motion (the law of inertia, his second law mentioned above, and the law of action and reaction), and to prove that these laws govern both earthly and celestial objects. Newton and most of his contemporaries hoped that classical mechanics would be able to explain all entities, including (in ...

  9. List of multiple discoveries - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_multiple_discoveries

    The French physicist Edme Mariotte discovered the same law independently of Boyle in 1676. 1671: Newton–Raphson method – Joseph Raphson (1690), Isaac Newton (Newton's work was written in 1671, but not published until 1736).