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Different organizations use different definitions for PFAS, leading to estimates of between 8,000 and 7 million chemicals within the group. The EPA toxicity database, DSSTox, lists 14,735 unique PFAS chemical compounds. [42] [43] An early definition required that they contain at least one perfluoroalkyl moiety, −C n F 2n+1. [12]
The DoD has "used foam containing" PFAS chemicals "in exercises at bases across the country". The DoD, therefore, "risks the biggest liabilities" in relation to the use of PFAS chemicals according to Politico. [71] March 2018 The PFAS Expert Health Panel on PFAS submitted their commissioned report to the Australian government. [89]
Chemicals like PFOS, PFOA and PFHxS are "for all intents and purposes correctly labeled as forever chemicals," said Christopher Higgins, a leading U.S. expert on PFAS and a distinguished professor ...
Recently, the (US) Food and Drug Administration has worked with food product manufacturers who create the containers of food products to get the PFAS chemicals removed from those containers, so ...
In 2018, Elsie Sunderland of Harvard's School of Public Health, said the chemical industry's practice of manufacturing ever-increasing numbers of new PFAS compounds − even as they phase out old ...
A new EU drinking water directive issued in 2020 adopted PFAS limit values. The limit values are 0.1 μg/L for the sum of 20 PFASs including PFHxS, and 0.5 μg/L for the sum of all PFASs. This directive is binding for all EU member nations. It is a minimum directive, and member states can elect to adopt stricter regulations. [19]
Trifluoroacetic acid is a widely employed acid, used for example in the synthesis of peptides.Its esters are useful in analytical chemistry. Longer-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids, e.g. with five to nine carbons, are useful fluorosurfactants and emulsifiers used in the production of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) and related fluoropolymers.
The pollutants belong to a class of compounds known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS. The so-called “forever chemicals” − a name attributed to PFAS' centuries-long half-life ...