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Female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD) is a disorder characterized by a persistent or recurrent inability to attain sexual arousal or to maintain arousal until the completion of a sexual activity. The diagnosis can also refer to an inadequate lubrication -swelling response normally present during arousal and sexual activity.
A decrease in sexual desire may therefore be due to an imbalance between neurotransmitters with excitatory activity like dopamine and norepinephrine and neurotransmitters with inhibitory activity, like serotonin. [8] Low sexual desire can also be a side effect of various medications.
In 2015, flibanserin was approved in the US to treat decreased sexual desire in women. While it is effective for some women, it has been criticized for its limited efficacy, and has many warnings and contraindications that limit its use. [69] Flibanserin was found to increase pleasurable sexual experiences by 0.5 events per month in trials.
Low libido is incredibly common in perimenopause and menopause. Treatments include vaginal estrogen, hormone replacement therapy, testosterone, CBT.
Leah S. Millheiser, MD, FACOG, NCMP, is an OB/GYN and expert in menopause and female sexual medicine who has dedicated her career to improving women’s health and wellness.
Yet women do experience sexual dysfunction, and there are medicines that can help. Female sexual dysfunction can include things like pain during sex or physical changes that affect intimacy.
Contrary to popular belief, the disorder is not always caused from a lack of sexual arousal. Possible causes of the disorder include psychological and emotional factors, such as depression, anger, and stress; relationship factors, such as conflict or lack of trust; medical factors, such as depleted hormones, reduced regional blood flow, and nerve damage; and drug use.
Treatment for decreased libido is often directed towards the cause of the low libido. Low levels of hormones such as testosterone, serum prolactin, TSH, and estradiol can be associated with low libido, and thus hormone replacement therapy is often used to restore the levels of these hormones in the body. [18]