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The various names used since classical times for the people known today as the Celts are of disparate origins.. The names Κελτοί (Keltoí) and Celtae are used in Greek and Latin, respectively, to denote a people of the La Tène horizon in the region of the upper Rhine and Danube during the 6th to 1st centuries BC in Graeco-Roman ethnography.
A Latin name for the Gauls, Galli (pl.), may come from a Celtic ethnic name, perhaps borrowed into Latin during the Celtic expansion into Italy from the early fifth century BC. Its root may be Proto-Celtic *galno, meaning "power, strength" (whence Old Irish gal "boldness, ferocity", Welsh gallu "to be able, power").
Conii – according to some scholars, Conii and Cynetes were two different peoples or tribes and the names were not two different names of the same people or tribe; in this case, the Conii may have dwelt along the northern banks of the middle Anas (Guadiana) river, in today's western Extremadura region of Spain, and were a Celtici tribe wrongly ...
One notable exception is Ó Cuilleáin or O'Collins (from cuileann, "holly") as in the holly tree, considered one of the most sacred objects of pre-Christian Celtic culture. Another is Walsh (Irish: Breatnach), meaning Welsh. In areas where certain family names are extremely common, extra names are added that sometimes follow this archaic pattern.
This likely means "people of the forms", and could be linked to the Latin name Picti (the Picts), which is usually explained as meaning "painted people". [2] The Old Welsh name for the Picts was Prydyn. [10] [page needed] Linguist Kim McCone suggests the name became restricted to inhabitants of the far north after Cymry displaced it as the name ...
It appears that the etymology of the name Welsh is derived from the Old English adjective ƿilisċ or ƿielisċ, an adjective derived from the noun ƿielisċ, a term for a Roman or Roman subject. These terms were used by many ancient Germanic peoples to describe inhabitants of the former Roman Empire over the Alps, Rhine, and North Sea, who ...
In modern Irish, it is spelled Gael (singular) and Gaeil (plural). According to scholar John T. Koch, the Old Irish form of the name was borrowed from an Archaic Welsh form Guoidel, meaning "forest people", "wild men" or, later, "warriors". [19] Guoidel is recorded as a personal name in the Book of Llandaff.
The term is mostly used for the Celtic peoples of the isles up until the early Middle Ages, covering the British–Irish Iron Age, Roman Britain and Sub-Roman Britain. They included the Celtic Britons, the Picts, and the Gaels. The Insular Celtic languages spread throughout the islands during the Bronze Age or early Iron Age.
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