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In the summer of 1944, the Wehrmacht had 40,000 of these guns in service. In October 1944 alone, 3.1 million shells were fired from these guns. The competitor of this gun (manufactured by Rheinmetall) was the 8.8-cm-PAK 43 and 8.8-cm-PAK 43/41 gun, specially developed in 1943 for anti-tank defense by Krupp. [4]
At the Potsdam conference (July–August 1945), with the US seeking to implement the Morgenthau plan, drawn up by Henry Morgenthau Jr., the United States Secretary of the Treasury, [2] the victorious Allies decided to abolish the German armed forces as well as all munitions factories and civilian industries that could support them.
Although Germany seized the oil supplies/reserves of conquered states—for example reducing France to a mere 8 percent of its pre-war oil consumption – this was still not enough for the needs of the war. [132] Acute fuel-shortages forced the German military to cut back on training for its drivers and pilots, because training would waste fuel ...
The crowning achievement of this movement was to be Welthauptstadt Germania, the projected renewal of the German capital Berlin following the Nazis' presumed victory of World War II. [8] Speer, who oversaw the project, produced most of the plans for the new city. Only a small portion of the "World Capital" was ever built between 1937 and 1943.
The Federation of German Industries (BDI) has its roots in the Reich Federation of German Industry (RDI). [2] On 19 June 1933, during the National Socialist era, the Reich Federation of German Industry was merged with the Federation of German Employers' Associations to form the Reich Industry Group (de: Reichsstand der Deutschen Industrie). [3]
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Total population estimates of the German territories range around 5 to 6 million by the end of Henry III's reign in 1056 and about 7 to 8 million after Friedrich Barbarossa's rule in 1190. [ 114 ] [ 115 ] The vast majority were farmers, typically in a state of serfdom under feudal lords and monasteries. [ 103 ]
An aerial view of DLR's headquarters at Lind, Cologne in 2010. The German Aerospace Center (German: Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., abbreviated DLR, literally German Center for Air- and Space-flight) is the national center for aerospace, energy and transportation research of Germany, founded in 1969.