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Capillary rise or fall in a tube. Jurin's law, or capillary rise, is the simplest analysis of capillary action—the induced motion of liquids in small channels [1] —and states that the maximum height of a liquid in a capillary tube is inversely proportional to the tube's diameter.
Capillary action of water (polar) compared to mercury (non-polar), in each case with respect to a polar surface such as glass (≡Si–OH). Capillary action (sometimes called capillarity, capillary motion, capillary rise, capillary effect, or wicking) is the process of a liquid flowing in a narrow space without the assistance of external forces like gravity.
When a capillary tube is inserted into a liquid, the liquid will rise or fall in the tube, due to an imbalance in pressure. The characteristic height is the distance from the bottom of the meniscus to the base, and exists when the Laplace pressure and the pressure due to gravity are balanced.
Powder wettability measurement with the Washburn method. In its most general form the Lucas Washburn equation describes the penetration length of a liquid into a capillary pore or tube with time as = (), where is a simplified diffusion coefficient. [4]
The interfacial (surface) tension, St, (dyne cm −1), can be calculated by applying the equation of capillary rise method (when the contact angle Ө → 0): = where: h (cm) is the height of Hg column above the Hg meniscus in the capillary; r (cm) is the radius of capillary
For reference, capillary pressures between air and brine (which is a significant system in the petrochemical industry) have been shown to range between 0.67 and 9.5 MPa. [11] There are various ways to predict, measure, or calculate capillary pressure relationships in the oil and gas industry. These include the following: [7]
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The lower end of the tube is narrowed to force the fluid to fall out of the tube as a drop. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] In an experiment, the drops of fluid flow slowly from the tube in a vertical direction . The drops hanging on the bottom of the tube start to fall when the volume of the drop reaches a maximum value that is dependent on the characteristics of ...