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The ampere is named for French physicist and mathematician André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836), who studied electromagnetism and laid the foundation of electrodynamics.In recognition of Ampère's contributions to the creation of modern electrical science, an international convention, signed at the 1881 International Exposition of Electricity, established the ampere as a standard unit of ...
where is the current, measured in amperes; is the potential difference, measured in volts; and is the resistance, measured in ohms. For alternating currents , especially at higher frequencies, skin effect causes the current to spread unevenly across the conductor cross-section, with higher density near the surface, thus increasing the apparent ...
Volt-amperes are usually used for analyzing alternating current (AC) circuits. In direct current (DC) circuits, this product is equal to the real power , measured in watts . [ 3 ] The volt-ampere is dimensionally equivalent to the watt : in SI units , 1 V⋅A = 1 W. VA rating is most used for generators and transformers, and other power ...
The best-known and simplest example of Ampère's force law, which underlaid (before 20 May 2019 [1]) the definition of the ampere, the SI unit of electric current, states that the magnetic force per unit length between two straight parallel conductors is
The answer is that it does not matter: in the magnetostatic case, the current density is solenoidal (see next section), so the divergence theorem and continuity equation imply that the flux through any surface with boundary C, with the same sign convention, is the same. In practice, one usually chooses the most convenient surface (with the ...
Symbol Meaning SI unit of measure magnetic vector potential: tesla meter (T⋅m) : area: square meter (m 2) : amplitude: meter: atomic mass number: unitless acceleration: meter per second squared (m/s 2)
Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime, commonly used in high-energy and gravitational physics, are compatible with general relativity. [ note 2 ] In fact, Albert Einstein developed special and general relativity to accommodate the invariant speed of light, a consequence of Maxwell's equations, with the principle that only relative movement ...
In electromagnetism, current density is the amount of charge per unit time that flows through a unit area of a chosen cross section. [1] The current density vector is defined as a vector whose magnitude is the electric current per cross-sectional area at a given point in space, its direction being that of the motion of the positive charges at this point.