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The deepest point of the trench is more than 2 km (1.2 mi) farther from sea level than the peak of Mount Everest. [a] At the bottom of the trench, the water column above exerts a pressure of 1,086 bar (15,750 psi), more than 1,071 times the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level. At this pressure, the density of water is increased by 4.96%.
Located roughly 76.0 miles (122.3 km; 66.0 nmi) north of the coast of the main island of Puerto Rico at Punto Palmas Altas in Manatí, [9] [10] the maximum depth of the Milwaukee Deep is 8,376 metres (27,480 ft; 4,580 fathoms), as directly measured by Vescovo during his 2018 descent to the deepest point of the Atlantic Ocean. [3]
In marked contrast to the Kairei surveys of 1998 and 1999, the detailed survey in 2002 determined that the deepest point in the Challenger Deep is located in the eastern basin around , with a depth of 10,920 ± 5 m (35,827 ± 16 ft), located about 290 m (950 ft) southeast of the deepest site determined by the survey vessel Takuyo in 1984. The ...
The basin floor measures about 220 km 2 (85 sq mi) and is the deepest point in the Arctic Ocean. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] The only person to have reached the bottom of the Molloy Deep is American explorer Victor Vescovo as part of his Five Deeps Expedition .
The deepest point below the ocean's atmospheric surface is Challenger Deep, at the bottom of the Mariana Trench, 11,034 m (36,201 ft) below sea level. [28] Jacques Piccard and U.S. Navy Lieutenant Don Walsh first reached Challenger Deep in 1960 aboard the bathyscaphe Trieste , followed by filmmaker James Cameron in 2012 aboard Deepsea Challenger .
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The descent to the ocean floor took 4 hours 47 minutes at a descent rate of 0.9 metres per second (3.2 km/h; 2.0 mph). [15] [16] After passing 9,000 metres (30,000 ft), one of the outer Plexiglas window panes cracked, shaking the entire vessel. [17] The two men spent twenty minutes on the ocean floor.