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The climate of the Alps is the climate, or average weather conditions over a long period of time, of the exact middle Alpine region of Europe. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] As air rises from sea level to the upper regions of the atmosphere the temperature decreases .
Climate zoning for mainland France in 2020, drawn up by Météo-France. The climate of France is the statistical distribution of conditions in the Earth's atmosphere over the national territory, based on the averages and variability of relevant quantities over a given period, the standard reference period defined by the World Meteorological Organization being 30 years.
While some of the ranges of the French Alps are entirely in France, others, such as the Mont Blanc massif, are shared with Switzerland and Italy. At 4,808 metres (15,774 ft), Mont Blanc , on the France–Italy border , is the highest mountain in the Alps, and the highest Western European mountain .
The Mer de Glace is the longest glacier in the range as well as the longest in France and the second longest in the Alps. [6]: 23 [7]: 24 The debris-covered Miage Glacier on the southern side of the massif is the longest in Italy. [8]: 39 The summit of Mont Blanc is an ice cap whose thickness varies from year to year. [9] [10]
Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48% and 116%. Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28% greater between 20 miles (32 km) to 40 miles (64 km) downwind of cities, compared with upwind. [66] Some cities show a total precipitation increase of 51%. [67]
the Lower Alps: an intermediate mountain area with valleys and very remote villages; the High Alps: including the valleys of Ubaye, Blanche, and the high Verdon (upstream of Colmars-les-Alpes) where the economy is built around mountain tourism (skiing). In the Haute-Ubaye, the mountain peaks exceed 3000 m above sea level and all the passes are ...
The largest city within the Alps is the city of Grenoble in France. Other larger and important cities within the Alps with over 100,000 inhabitants are in Tyrol with Bolzano/Bozen ( Italy ), Trento ( Italy ) and Innsbruck ( Austria ).
The High Alps are the parts of the Alps unsuitable for habitation or seasonal transhumance. This includes all regions higher than 3,000 m above sea level, as well as most regions between 2,500 m and 3,000 m ( Juf at 2,126 m is the highest permanently inhabited village in the Alps).