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Pre-Homo hominin expansion out of Africa is suggested by the presence of Graecopithecus and Ouranopithecus, found in Greece and Anatolia and dated to c. 8 million years ago, but these are probably Homininae but not Hominini.
H. sapiens interbred with archaic humans both in Africa and in Eurasia, in Eurasia notably with Neanderthals and Denisovans. [72] [73] Among extant populations of H. sapiens, the deepest temporal division is found in the San people of Southern Africa, estimated at close to 130,000 years, [74] or possibly more than 300,000 years ago. [75]
Homo naledi is an extinct species of archaic human discovered in 2013 in the Rising Star Cave system, Gauteng province, South Africa (See Cradle of Humankind), dating to the Middle Pleistocene 335,000–236,000 years ago.
Drimolen Main Quarry, South Africa Andy Herries and Stephanie Baker's team (first part found by Khethi Nkosi. later parts by Amber Jaeger, Eunice Lalunio; reconstructed by Jesse Martin & Angeline Leece) University of the Witwatersrand: DNH 7 (Eurydice) [31] 2.04–1.95 [29] Paranthropus robustus: 1994 Drimolen, Drimolen Main Quarry, South Africa
A 2017 study of the ancient DNA of Tianyuan Man found that the individual is related to modern Asian and Native American populations. [113] A 2013 study found Neanderthal introgression of 18 genes within the chromosome 3p21.31 region (HYAL region) of East Asians. The introgressive haplotypes were positively selected in only East Asian ...
In paleoanthropology, the recent African origin of modern humans or the "Out of Africa" theory (OOA) [a] is the most widely accepted [1] [2] [3] model of the geographic origin and early migration of anatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens). It follows the early expansions of hominins out of Africa, accomplished by Homo erectus and then Homo ...
Stone tools are first attested around 2.6 million years ago, when hominins in Eastern Africa used so-called core tools, choppers made out of round cores that had been split by simple strikes. [290] This marks the beginning of the Paleolithic, or Old Stone Age; its end is taken to be the end of the last Ice Age, around 10,000 years ago.
Olduvai Gorge, where some of the earliest hominins are believed to have evolved. Africa has the longest record of human habitation in the world. The first hominins emerged 6–7 million years ago, and among the earliest anatomically modern human skulls found so far were discovered at Omo Kibish, [1] Jebel Irhoud, and Florisbad. [2] [3] [4] [5]