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In relational databases, the information schema (information_schema) is an ANSI-standard set of read-only views that provide information about all of the tables, views, columns, and procedures in a database. [1] It can be used as a source of the information that some databases make available through non-standard commands, such as:
SQLite (/ ˌ ɛ s ˌ k juː ˌ ɛ l ˈ aɪ t /, [4] [5] / ˈ s iː k w ə ˌ l aɪ t / [6]) is a free and open-source relational database engine written in the C programming language.It is not a standalone app; rather, it is a library that software developers embed in their apps.
Implementations of the concept can be found in various frameworks for many programming environments. For example, if there is a table parts in a database with columns name (string type) and price (number type), and the Active Record pattern is implemented in the class Part, the pseudo-code
SQLite: SQLite Open Source (Public domain) SQL database that supports in-memory storage with the :memory: connection string. [12] Tarantool: Mail.ru Group 2010 Open Source (BSD) In-memory database and application server (data grid) TerminusDB: TerminusDB (formerly DataChemist) 2019 JavaScript, Python, Prolog, Rust, JSON-LD: Open Source (Apache 2.0)
Reserved words in SQL and related products In SQL:2023 [3] In IBM Db2 13 [4] In Mimer SQL 11.0 [5] In MySQL 8.0 [6] In Oracle Database 23c [7] In PostgreSQL 16 [1] In Microsoft SQL Server 2022 [2]
In relational databases a virtual column is a table column whose value(s) is automatically computed using other columns values, or another deterministic expression. Virtual columns are defined of SQL:2003 as Generated Column, [1] and are only implemented by some DBMSs, like MariaDB, SQL Server, Oracle, PostgreSQL, SQLite and Firebird (database server) (COMPUTED BY syntax).
[3] [better source needed] A column can also be called an attribute. Each row would provide a data value for each column and would then be understood as a single structured data value. For example, a database that represents company contact information might have the following columns: ID, Company Name, Address Line 1, Address Line 2, City, and ...
This single physical schema of 3 "columns" is hyperdenormalized in that what would be 1 relational record with 4 fields is now 4 triples with the subject being repeated over and over, the predicate essentially being the column name, and the object being the field value. Although this seems unwieldy, the SPARQL syntax offers these features: 1.