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Carpinus betulus, the European or common hornbeam, is a species of tree in the birch family Betulaceae, native to Western Asia and central, eastern, and southern Europe, including southern England. [1] It requires a warm climate for good growth, and occurs only at elevations up to 1,000 metres (3,281 ft).
The common English name hornbeam derives from the hardness of the woods (likened to horn) and the Old English beam, "tree" (cognate with Dutch Boom and German Baum).. The American hornbeam is also occasionally known as blue-beech, ironwood, or musclewood, the first from the resemblance of the bark to that of the American beech Fagus grandifolia, the other two from the hardness of the wood and ...
Ostrya carpinifolia, the European hop-hornbeam, is a tree in the family Betulaceae. It is the only species of the genus Ostrya that is native to Europe. The specific epithet carpinifolia means "hornbeam-leaved", from carpinus , the Latin word for " hornbeam ".
Ostrya is a genus of eight to 10 small deciduous trees belonging to the birch family Betulaceae.Common names include hop-hornbeam and hophornbeam.It may also be called ironwood, a name shared with a number of other plants.
European hop-hornbeam Betulaceae (birch family) Ostrya virginiana: ... European nettle tree; European hackberry; lote tree Cannabaceae (hemp family) Celtis bungeana:
The southern Balkan hornbeam (Carpinus austrobalcanica) is a species of hardwood tree in the family Betulaceae, subfamily Coryloideae, native only to the southern Balkan Peninsula, in particular southern Albania and northwestern Greece.
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Carpinus orientalis, known as the Oriental hornbeam, is a species of hornbeam in the birch family Betulaceae, subfamily Coryloideae, native to southeastern Europe and Western Asia. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is quite tolerant of dry conditions, and usually occurs on hot dry sites at lower altitudes in comparison to Carpinus betulus (European hornbeam).