Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
A Venn diagram is a widely used diagram style that shows the logical relation between sets, popularized by John Venn (1834–1923) in the 1880s. The diagrams are used to teach elementary set theory, and to illustrate simple set relationships in probability, logic, statistics, linguistics and computer science.
Venn diagram showing the union of sets A and B as everything not in white. In combinatorics, the inclusion–exclusion principle is a counting technique which generalizes the familiar method of obtaining the number of elements in the union of two finite sets; symbolically expressed as
Venn diagram; Tree diagram; In probability theory and logic, a set of events is jointly or collectively exhaustive if at least one of the events must occur.
Naive set theory is any of several theories of sets used in the discussion of the foundations of mathematics. [3] Unlike axiomatic set theories, which are defined using formal logic, naive set theory is defined informally, in natural language.
Set theory is the branch of mathematical logic that studies sets, which can be informally described as collections of objects.Although objects of any kind can be collected into a set, set theory – as a branch of mathematics – is mostly concerned with those that are relevant to mathematics as a whole.
Information diagrams have also been applied to specific problems such as for displaying the information theoretic similarity between sets of ontological terms. [ 3 ] Venn diagram showing additive and subtractive relationships among various information measures associated with correlated variables X and Y .
The algebra of sets is the set-theoretic analogue of the algebra of numbers. Just as arithmetic addition and multiplication are associative and commutative, so are set union and intersection; just as the arithmetic relation "less than or equal" is reflexive, antisymmetric and transitive, so is the set relation of "subset".
Square of opposition. The lower case letters (a, e, i, o) are used instead of the upper case letters (A, E, I, O) here in order to be visually distinguished from the surrounding upper case letters S (Subject term) and P (Predicate term). In the Venn diagrams, black areas are empty and red areas are nonempty. White areas may or may not be empty.