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The status as a national language is codified in Article 152 of the constitution, [7] further strengthened by the passage of the National Language Act 1963/67. This standard Malay is often a second language following use of related Malayic languages spoken within Malaysia (excluding the Ibanic) identified by local scholars as "dialects" (loghat ...
The Malayic languages are a branch of the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup of the Austronesian language family. [1] The two most prominent members of this branch are Indonesian and Malay. Indonesian is the official language of Indonesia and has evolved as a standardized form of Malay with distinct influences from local languages and historical factors.
Malay is the national language in Malaysia by Article 152 of the Constitution of Malaysia, and became the sole official language in West Malaysia in 1968, and in East Malaysia gradually from 1974. English continues, however, to be widely used in professional and commercial fields and in the superior courts. Other minority languages are also ...
ISO 639 is a standardized nomenclature used to classify languages. [1] Each language is assigned a two-letter (set 1) and three-letter lowercase abbreviation (sets 2–5). [ 2 ] Part 1 of the standard, ISO 639-1 defines the two-letter codes, and Part 3 (2007), ISO 639-3 , defines the three-letter codes, aiming to cover all known natural ...
The Austronesian language family has been established by the linguistic comparative method on the basis of cognate sets, sets of words from multiple languages, which are similar in sound and meaning which can be shown to be descended from the same ancestral word in Proto-Austronesian according to regular rules. Some cognate sets are very stable.
八雲 yakumo 1 (many clouds) Often used to mean many. 9 ko 2 ko 2 no 2: 九柱 ko 2 ko 2 no 2 pasira (9 nobles / gods) 10 to 2 / to 2 wo: 十日 to 2 woka (10 days) 10 so 1: 三十 mi 1 so 1 (30), 四十 yo 2 so 1 (40), 六十 muso 1 (60), 八十 yaso 1 (80) Found only in compound words; not used alone. 20 pata: 二十 patati (20), 二十人 ...
Japanese is an East Asian language spoken by about 126 million people, primarily in Japan, where it is the official language and national language. The influx of Japanese loanword can be classified into two periods, Japanese colonial administration period (1942–1945) and globalisation of Japanese popular culture (1980–now).
The language has received significant influence from other languages, such as Hakka, Dutch and Arabic, as well as Javanese and standard Indonesian. [3] [4] Belitung Malay has absorbed Javanese loanwords due to Belitung's historical rule by the Palembang Sultanate, where the court language, Palembang Malay, was influenced by Javanese. [5]