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The concept of residence time originated in models of chemical reactors. The first such model was an axial dispersion model by Irving Langmuir in 1908. This received little attention for 45 years; other models were developed such as the plug flow reactor model and the continuous stirred-tank reactor, and the concept of a washout function (representing the response to a sudden change in the ...
An ideal plug flow reactor has a fixed residence time: Any fluid (plug) that enters the reactor at time will exit the reactor at time +, where is the residence time of the reactor. The residence time distribution function is therefore a Dirac delta function at τ {\displaystyle \tau } .
Besides, when studying reactions in LFR, radial gradients in velocity, composition and temperature are significant. [3] In other words, in other reactors where laminar flow is not significant, for instance, in a plug flow reactor, velocity of the object is assumed to be the same on one cross section since the flows are mostly turbulent. In a ...
The continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR), also known as vat-or backmix reactor, mixed flow reactor (MFR), or a continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor (CFSTR), is a common model for a chemical reactor in chemical engineering and environmental engineering. A CSTR often refers to a model used to estimate the key unit operation variables when using ...
Space velocity may refer to: Space velocity (astronomy) , the velocity of a star in the galactic coordinate system Space velocity (chemistry) , the relation between volumetric flow rate and reactor volume in a chemical reactor
In a nuclear reactor, the neutron population at any instant is a function of the rate of neutron production (due to fission processes) and the rate of neutron losses (due to non-fission absorption mechanisms and leakage from the system). When a reactor's neutron population remains steady from one generation to the next (creating as many new ...
A relatively fast fluid velocity (10–30 m/s) [2] is usually required in FR operations to encourage a continuous particle distribution throughout the reactor's vessel. . This minimizes the column's slip velocity (average velocity difference of different fluids in a pipe), providing a positive impact on heat and mass transfer rates and allowing for the use of smaller diameter vessels which can ...
A fluidized bed reactor (FBR) is a type of reactor device that can be used to carry out a variety of multiphase chemical reactions. In this type of reactor, a fluid (gas or liquid) is passed through a solid granular material (usually a catalyst ) at high enough speeds to suspend the solid and cause it to behave as though it were a fluid.